func exponentialBackoffWait(r *rand.Rand, unit, maxSleep time.Duration) func(uint) time.Duration {
	if unit > time.Hour {
		// Protect against integer overflow
		panic("unit cannot exceed one hour")
	}
	return func(attempt uint) time.Duration {
		if attempt > 16 {
			// Protect against integer overflow
			attempt = 16
		}
		// sleep = random_between(unit, min(cap, base * 2 ** attempt))

            // Validate that security buffer doesn't exceed available data
            if (hdrStart + securityBufferOffset < hdrStart || // Check for integer overflow
                    hdrStart + securityBufferOffset + securityBufferLength < 0 || // Check for integer overflow
                    hdrStart + securityBufferOffset + securityBufferLength > buffer.length) {

        }
        bulkDelete.execute().actionGet(fessConfig.getIndexSearchTimeout());

        // Delete any remaining events beyond the search size limit (discard overflow)
        try {
            client.deleteByQuery(indexName, QueryBuilders.termQuery("hostname", hostname));
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            logger.debug("Failed to delete remaining log notifications.", e);

  }

  @GwtIncompatible // different overflow behavior; could probably be made to work by using ~~
  public void testConcat_overflow_negative() {
    int dim1 = 1 << 16;
    int dim2 = 1 << 15;
    assertThat(dim1 * dim2).isLessThan(0);
    testConcatOverflow(dim1, dim2);
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // different overflow behavior; could probably be made to work by using ~~

      count += values.length();
      return this;
    }

    private void ensureRoomFor(int numberToAdd) {
      int newCount = count + numberToAdd; // TODO(kevinb): check overflow now?
      if (newCount > array.length) {
        array = Arrays.copyOf(array, expandedCapacity(array.length, newCount));
      }
    }

    // Unfortunately this is pasted from ImmutableCollection.Builder.

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle buffer overflow protection")
        void testBufferOverflowProtection() {
            request.setReadLength(65536);

            byte[] smallBuffer = new byte[48]; // Smaller than required 49 bytes

            // Should not overflow buffer

   * thrown by {@linkplain MoreExecutors#directExecutor direct execution}) will be caught and
   * logged.
   *
   * <p>Note: If your listener is lightweight -- and will not cause stack overflow by completing
   * more futures or adding more {@code directExecutor()} listeners inline -- consider {@link
   * MoreExecutors#directExecutor}. Otherwise, avoid it: See the warnings on the docs for {@code
   * directExecutor}.

    long product = LongMath.factorials[startingNumber - 1];
    // Strip off 2s from this value.
    int shift = Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(product);
    product >>= shift;

    // Use floor(log2(num)) + 1 to prevent overflow of multiplication.
    int productBits = LongMath.log2(product, FLOOR) + 1;
    int bits = LongMath.log2(startingNumber, FLOOR) + 1;
    // Check for the next power of two boundary, to save us a CLZ operation.

(max-width:575.98px){.table-responsive-sm{display:block;width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.table-responsive-sm>.table-bordered{border:0}}@media (max-width:767.98px){.table-responsive-md{display:block;width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.table-responsive-md>.table-bordered{border:0}}@media (max-width:991.98px){.table-responsive-lg{display:block;width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.table-responsive-lg>.table-bordered{border:0}}@media...

        // Test with StackOverflowError as cause
        String message = "Thumbnail generation failed";
        StackOverflowError error = new StackOverflowError("Stack overflow during processing");
        ThumbnailGenerationException exception = new ThumbnailGenerationException(message, error);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());