defer r.closeRespFn(resp.Body)
	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		return errors.New(resp.Status)
	}

	return r.pubKeys.parseAndAdd(resp.Body)
}

// ErrTokenExpired - error token expired
var (
	ErrTokenExpired = errors.New("token expired")
)

func updateClaimsExpiry(dsecs string, claims map[string]any) error {
	expStr := claims["exp"]
	if expStr == "" {
		return ErrTokenExpired
	}

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image11.png">

## 內含 scopes 的 JWT token { #jwt-token-with-scopes }

現在，修改 token 的路徑操作以回傳所請求的 scopes。

我們仍然使用相同的 `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`。它包含屬性 `scopes`，其為 `list` 的 `str`，列出請求中收到的每個 scope。

並且我們將這些 scopes 作為 JWT token 的一部分回傳。

/// danger

為了簡化，這裡我們只是直接把接收到的 scopes 加進 token。

但在你的應用中，為了安全性，你應確保只加入該使用者實際可擁有或你預先定義的 scopes。

///

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, Form, UploadFile

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_file(
    file: bytes = File(), fileb: UploadFile = File(), token: str = Form()
):
    return {
        "file_size": len(file),
        "token": token,
        "fileb_content_type": fileb.content_type,

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Header, HTTPException


async def verify_token(x_token: str = Header()):
    if x_token != "fake-super-secret-token":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Token header invalid")


async def verify_key(x_key: str = Header()):
    if x_key != "fake-super-secret-key":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Key header invalid")
    return x_key

## API Request Parameters

### Token

The OAuth 2.0 access token that is provided by the identity provider. Application must get this token by authenticating the application using client credential grants before the application makes an AssumeRoleWithClientGrants call.

        SpnegoContext ctx = newContext();

        // The initial token path should ask the mechanism for a zero-length optimistic token
        when(this.mechContext.getFlags()).thenReturn(0x1234);
        when(this.mechContext.initSecContext(any(byte[].class), eq(0), eq(0))).thenReturn(new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02 });

        // Act: len==0 triggers initial token construction
        byte[] out = ctx.initSecContext(null, 0, 0);

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[8] *}

/// tip | 팁

여기서 `tokenUrl="token"`은 아직 만들지 않은 상대 URL `token`을 가리킵니다. 상대 URL이므로 `./token`과 동일합니다.

상대 URL을 사용하므로, 예를 들어 API가 `https://example.com/`에 있다면 `https://example.com/token`을 가리킵니다. 하지만 API가 `https://example.com/api/v1/`에 있다면 `https://example.com/api/v1/token`을 가리킵니다.

        SMBUtil.writeInt2(this.token != null ? this.token.length : 0, dst, dstIndex);
        dstIndex += 2;
        SMBUtil.writeInt8(this.previousSessionId, dst, dstIndex);
        dstIndex += 8;
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(dstIndex - getHeaderStart(), dst, offsetOffset);

        dstIndex += pad8(dstIndex);

        if (this.token != null) {
            System.arraycopy(this.token, 0, dst, dstIndex, this.token.length);

    /**
     * Constructs KerberosRelevantAuthData from token bytes.
     *
     * @param token the authorization data token
     * @param keys map of Kerberos keys indexed by key type
     * @throws PACDecodingException if decoding fails
     */
    public KerberosRelevantAuthData(byte[] token, Map<Integer, KerberosKey> keys) throws PACDecodingException {
        ASN1Sequence authSequence;

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Header, HTTPException

app = FastAPI()


async def verify_token(x_token: str = Header()):
    if x_token != "fake-super-secret-token":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Token header invalid")


async def verify_key(x_key: str = Header()):
    if x_key != "fake-super-secret-key":
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="X-Key header invalid")
    return x_key