/** Adds the chain to the seen set, and returns whether all the chain was new to us. */
  private static boolean addCausalChain(Set<Throwable> seen, Throwable param) {
    // Declare a "true" local variable so that the Checker Framework will infer nullness.
    Throwable t = param;

    for (; t != null; t = t.getCause()) {
      boolean firstTimeSeen = seen.add(t);
      if (!firstTimeSeen) {
        /*

## Recap

With what you have seen up to now, you can set up a secure **FastAPI** application using standards like OAuth2 and JWT.

In almost any framework handling the security becomes a rather complex subject quite quickly.

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Chars}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.util.Collections;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit tests for {@link Invokable}.
 *
 * @author Ben Yu
 */

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.mockito.Mockito;

/**
 * Tests for RateLimiter.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 */
public class RateLimiterTest extends TestCase {
  private static final double EPSILON = 1e-8;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.mockito.Mockito;

/**
 * Tests for RateLimiter.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 */
public class RateLimiterTest extends TestCase {
  private static final double EPSILON = 1e-8;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.util.Collections;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit tests for {@link Invokable}.
 *
 * @author Ben Yu
 */

import java.util.List;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.RandomAccess;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import junit.framework.AssertionFailedError;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit test for {@code Iterables}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Jared Levy
 */

import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.function.BiPredicate;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit tests for {@link ImmutableSortedSet}.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)

import java.security.PermissionCollection;
import java.util.jar.Attributes;
import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
import java.util.jar.Manifest;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.Test;

/** Functional tests of {@link ClassPath}. */
public class ClassPathTest extends TestCase {
  private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ClassPathTest.class.getName());