assertEquals(18, ServerMessageBlock2.size8(15, 2));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should calculate padding")
        void testPad8() {
            testMessage.encode(new byte[1024], 0);
            // After header is written, padding depends on position
            int headerStart = testMessage.getHeaderStart();
            assertEquals(0, headerStart); // Should start at 0
        }

        final int exp = size();
        final int actual = getLength();
        if (exp != actual) {
            // Log the size mismatch for debugging but don't throw exception
            // This can occur due to padding alignment differences between size8() and pad8()
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Size calculation mismatch: expected {} but got {} (difference: {})", exp, actual, actual - exp);
            }

        TransWaitNamedPipe pipe = new TransWaitNamedPipe("\\\\pipe\\testPipe");
        byte[] dst = new byte[10];

        // writeSetupWireFormat writes 4 bytes:
        // - subCommand byte
        // - 3 zero bytes (padding and no FID)
        int written = pipe.writeSetupWireFormat(dst, 0);

        assertEquals(4, written, "Setup should write 4 bytes");

  static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 3;

  /**
   * Minimum size of the hash table of a compact hash-based collection. Because small hash tables
   * use a byte[], any smaller size uses the same amount of memory due to object padding.
   */
  private static final int MIN_HASH_TABLE_SIZE = 4;

  private static final int BYTE_MAX_SIZE = 1 << Byte.SIZE; // 2^8 = 256
  private static final int BYTE_MASK = (1 << Byte.SIZE) - 1; // 2^8 - 1 = 255

        int bytesDecoded = smbInfoAllocation.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        // Verify - actual implementation reads 20 bytes (4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4)
        // bytesPerSect is read as Int2 but advances by 4 bytes (padding)
        assertEquals(20, bytesDecoded);

        // Verify capacity calculation: alloc * sectPerAlloc * bytesPerSect
        long expectedCapacity = alloc * sectPerAlloc * bytesPerSect;

            // Arrange
            context = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, // Padding
                    0x01, 0x00, // 1 hash algo
                    0x02, 0x00, // 2 bytes salt
                    0x01, 0x00, // SHA512
                    (byte) 0xAA, (byte) 0xBB // Salt
            };

            int actual = (int) getPrivateField(req, "createDisposition");
            assertEquals(expected, actual, "createDisposition should match");
        }
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("CreateOptions default padding")
    void createOptionsAddedWhenLow() {
        // createOptions less than 0x0001 (i.e., 0) should be padded with 0x0040
        SmbComNTCreateAndX req = createRequest(0, 0);

            dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(PacConstants.PRIVSVR_CHECKSUM));
            dos.writeInt(Integer.reverseBytes(16));
            dos.writeLong(Long.reverseBytes(300));

            // Add some padding
            for (int i = 0; i < 300; i++) {
                dos.writeByte(0);
            }

            return baos.toByteArray();
        } catch (IOException e) {

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should align to 8-byte boundary")
        void testPaddingAlignment() {
            // Test various name lengths to ensure proper padding
            for (int nameLen = 1; nameLen <= 32; nameLen++) {
                byte[] name = new byte[nameLen];
                Arrays.fill(name, (byte) 'A');

  static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 3;

  /**
   * Minimum size of the hash table of a compact hash-based collection. Because small hash tables
   * use a byte[], any smaller size uses the same amount of memory due to object padding.
   */
  private static final int MIN_HASH_TABLE_SIZE = 4;

  private static final int BYTE_MAX_SIZE = 1 << Byte.SIZE; // 2^8 = 256
  private static final int BYTE_MASK = (1 << Byte.SIZE) - 1; // 2^8 - 1 = 255