# `Request` class

You can declare a parameter in a *path operation function* or dependency to be of type `Request` and then you can access the raw request object directly, without any validation, etc.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Request
```

/// tip

     * endpoints}) if one is not already present.
     *
     * <p>If this graph is directed, {@code endpoints} must be ordered and the added edge will be
     * directed; if it is undirected, the added edge will be undirected.
     *
     * <p>If this graph is directed, {@code endpoints} must be ordered.
     *
     * <p>If either or both endpoints are not already present in this graph, this method will

 * intended for use in Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs).
 *
 * This class contains a Kotlin implementation of the pseudocode specified by RFC 3492. It includes
 * direct translation of the pseudocode presented there.
 *
 * Partner this class with [UTS #46] to implement IDNA2008 [RFC 5890] like most browsers do.
 *
 * [RFC 3492]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3492

 * are inherently approximate, routinely affected by periodic clock corrections. Because this class
 * (by default) uses {@link System#nanoTime}, it is unaffected by these changes.
 *
 * <p>Use this class instead of direct calls to {@link System#nanoTime} for two reasons:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>The raw {@code long} values returned by {@code nanoTime} are meaningless and unsafe to use
 *       in any other way than how {@code Stopwatch} uses them.

        ImmutableNetwork.copyOf(NetworkBuilder.directed().<String, String>build());
    Network<String, String> network2 = ImmutableNetwork.copyOf(network1);

    assertThat(network2).isSameInstanceAs(network1);
  }

  @Test
  public void edgesConnecting_directed() {
    MutableNetwork<String, String> mutableNetwork =
        NetworkBuilder.directed().allowsSelfLoops(true).build();

            * **FastAPI** fügt hier eine Referenz auf die globalen JSON-Schemas an einer anderen Stelle in Ihrer OpenAPI hinzu, anstatt es direkt einzubinden. Auf diese Weise können andere Anwendungen und Clients diese JSON-Schemas direkt verwenden, bessere Tools zur Codegenerierung bereitstellen, usw.

///

Die generierten Responses in der OpenAPI für diese *Pfadoperation* lauten:

```JSON hl_lines="3-12"

     * that edge to {@code value} (overwriting the existing value, if any).
     *
     * <p>If the graph is directed, the resultant edge will be directed; otherwise, it will be
     * undirected.
     *
     * <p>If this graph is directed, {@code endpoints} must be ordered.
     *
     * <p>Values do not have to be unique. However, values must be non-null.
     *

You can also declare the `Response` parameter in dependencies, and set headers (and cookies) in them.

## Return a `Response` directly { #return-a-response-directly }

You can also add headers when you return a `Response` directly.

Create a response as described in [Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank} and pass the headers as an additional parameter:

  }

  @Test
  public void incidentEdgeOrder_unordered() {
    graph = ValueGraphBuilder.directed().incidentEdgeOrder(ElementOrder.unordered()).build();
    assertThat(graph.incidentEdgeOrder()).isEqualTo(ElementOrder.unordered());
  }

  @Test
  public void incidentEdgeOrder_stable() {
    graph = ValueGraphBuilder.directed().incidentEdgeOrder(ElementOrder.stable()).build();

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code forEach} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")
// @Ignore affects the Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.