{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "Dica"

Observe que as funções de teste são `def` normais, não `async def`.

E as chamadas para o cliente também são chamadas normais, não usando `await`.

Isso permite que você use `pytest` diretamente sem complicações.

///

/// note | "Detalhes técnicos"

Você também pode usar `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

Après avoir effectué des tests, vous pouvez mettre à jour la version **FastAPI** vers une version plus récente, et vous assurer que tout votre code fonctionne correctement en exécutant vos tests.

Si tout fonctionne, ou après avoir fait les changements nécessaires, et que tous vos tests passent, vous pouvez
épingler votre version de `fastapi` à cette nouvelle version récente.

## À propos de Starlette

Vous ne devriez pas épingler la version de `starlette`.

      try {
        Method unused = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("writeReplace");
        continue; // It overrides writeReplace, so it's safe.
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        // This is a class whose supertypes we want to examine. We'll do that below.
      }
      Optional<Class<?>> supersWithPackagePrivateWriteReplace =
          FluentIterable.from(TypeToken.of(clazz).getTypes())
              .transform(TypeToken::getRawType)

 *   <li>We need to be careful about how we suppress {@code suite()} methods in {@code common.io}.
 *       The generated suite for {@code FooTest} ends up containing {@code FooTest} itself plus some
 *       other tests. We want to exclude the other tests (which Android can't handle) while
 *       continuing to run {@code FooTest} itself. This is exactly what happens with {@code

      try {
        Method unused = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("writeReplace");
        continue; // It overrides writeReplace, so it's safe.
      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        // This is a class whose supertypes we want to examine. We'll do that below.
      }
      Optional<Class<?>> supersWithPackagePrivateWriteReplace =
          FluentIterable.from(TypeToken.of(clazz).getTypes())
              .transform(TypeToken::getRawType)

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>অথবা ব্যবহার করুন <code>async def</code>...</summary>

যদি আপনার কোড `async` / `await`, ব্যবহার করে তাহলে `async def` ব্যবহার করুন:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Vagy használd az <code>async def</code>-et...</summary>

Ha a kódod `async` / `await`-et, használ `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Ou use <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Se seu código utiliza `async` / `await`, use `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}

def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>O usa <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Si tu código usa `async` / `await`, usa `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="7  12"
from fastapi import FastAPI
from typing import Union

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}

    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Или используйте <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Если ваш код использует `async` / `await`, используйте `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():