//           C_n = \sum_{i=1}^n x_i y_i - n X_n Y_n
    // for all n >= 1. Then for all n > 1:
    //       C_{n-1} = \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} x_i y_i - (n-1) X_{n-1} Y_{n-1}
    // C_n - C_{n-1} = x_n y_n - n X_n Y_n + (n-1) X_{n-1} Y_{n-1}
    //               = x_n y_n - X_n [ y_n + (n-1) Y_{n-1} ] + [ n X_n - x_n ] Y_{n-1}
    //               = x_n y_n - X_n y_n - x_n Y_{n-1} + X_n Y_{n-1}

  public void testCollapse() {
    // collapsing groups of '-' into '_' or '-'
    doTestCollapse("-", "_");
    doTestCollapse("x-", "x_");
    doTestCollapse("-x", "_x");
    doTestCollapse("--", "_");
    doTestCollapse("x--", "x_");
    doTestCollapse("--x", "_x");
    doTestCollapse("-x-", "_x_");
    doTestCollapse("x-x", "x_x");
    doTestCollapse("---", "_");