* current hashtable size.
   */
  static int newCapacity(int mask) {
    return ((mask < 32) ? 4 : 2) * (mask + 1);
  }

  /** Returns the hash prefix given the current mask. */
  static int getHashPrefix(int value, int mask) {
    return value & ~mask;
  }

  /** Returns the index, or 0 if the entry is "null". */
  static int getNext(int entry, int mask) {
    return entry & mask;
  }

        final int length = string.length();
        if (length == 0) {
            return new byte[0];
        }
        final int pad = string.charAt(length - 2) == '=' ? 2 : string.charAt(length - 1) == '=' ? 1 : 0;
        final int size = length * 3 / 4 - pad;
        final byte[] buffer = new byte[size];
        int block;
        int i = 0;
        int index = 0;
        while (i < length) {

            return bytesWritten;
        }

        @Override
        protected int readBytesWireFormat(byte[] buffer, int bufferIndex) throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
            if (throwOnRead) {
                throw new SMBProtocolDecodingException("Test exception");
            }
            return bytesRead;
        }

        public void setBytesWritten(int bytes) {

        // Prepare test data with different offset
        byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
        int bufferIndex = 50;

        // Set test values
        int testCapabilities = 0xABCDEF00;
        byte[] testGuid = new byte[16];
        Arrays.fill(testGuid, (byte) 0xFF);
        int testSecurityMode = 0x0001;
        int testDialect = 0x0202;

        // Write to buffer

     * @param mask the alignment mask (typically 2, 4, or 8)
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    public void align(final int mask) throws IOException {
        final int position = this.size - this.dis.available();
        final int shift = position & mask - 1;
        if (mask != 0 && shift != 0) {
            this.dis.skip(mask - shift);
        }
    }

    /**

        byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
        int bufferIndex = 0;

        // Set wordCount to non-zero
        setFieldValue(response, "wordCount", 10);

        // Write test data to buffer
        int fileAttributes = 0x0021; // FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE
        long lastWriteTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        int fileSize = 12345678;

    }
    Map<C, Map<R, V>> columns = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    for (C col : columnSpace) {
      columns.put(col, new LinkedHashMap<R, V>());
    }
    int[] cellRowIndices = new int[cellList.size()];
    int[] cellColumnInRowIndices = new int[cellList.size()];
    for (int i = 0; i < cellList.size(); i++) {
      Cell<R, C, V> cell = cellList.get(i);
      R rowKey = cell.getRowKey();
      C columnKey = cell.getColumnKey();

        byte[] paramBuffer = new byte[256];
        byte[] dataBuffer = new byte[256];

        int setupWritten = trans2SetFileInfo.writeSetupWireFormat(setupBuffer, 0);
        int paramWritten = trans2SetFileInfo.writeParametersWireFormat(paramBuffer, 0);
        int dataWritten = trans2SetFileInfo.writeDataWireFormat(dataBuffer, 0);

        // Verify lengths
        assertEquals(2, setupWritten);

  }

  @Benchmark
  void longEqualJava(int reps) {
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; ++i) {
      if (javaImpl.compare(ba1, ba2) != 0) {
        throw new Error(); // deoptimization
      }
    }
  }

  @Benchmark
  void longEqualUnsafe(int reps) {
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; ++i) {
      if (unsafeImpl.compare(ba1, ba2) != 0) {

Наприклад, ви можете оголосити, що щось може бути `str` або `None`:

```python
from typing import Union


def say_hi(name: Union[str, None]):
        print(f"Hi {name}!")
```

У `typing` також є скорочення, щоб оголосити, що щось може бути `None`, - `Optional`.

Ось порада з моєї дуже «суб'єктивної» точки зору:

- 🚨 Уникайте використання `Optional[SomeType]`