+ " Your JAR contains rogue Maven Plugin metadata."
                                                + " Possible causes may be: shaded into this JAR some Maven Plugin or some rogue resource.",
                                        artifact.getGroupId(),
                                        artifact.getArtifactId(),

We utilize nullness annotations in Java code and somewhat rely on IDE warnings to guide us.
However, the Java code we have is not fully annotated, which causes several consequences:
* IDE warnings can be misleading
* Redundant null checks may increase binary size, hurt performance, and increase cognitive load for readers
* Missing null checks may cause NullPointerException

        assertEquals(rootCause, withCauseException.getRootCause());
        assertEquals(withCauseException.getCause(), withCauseException.getRootCause());

        // Test with nested causes
        RuntimeException middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle", rootCause);
        TransportException nestedCauseException = new TransportException("Nested", middleCause);

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void omitForCycle(Artifact omitted) {
        logger.debug(indent + omitted + " (removed - causes a cycle in the graph)");
    }

    @Override
    public void updateScopeCurrentPom(Artifact artifact, String ignoredScope) {

                    return (int) misses.incrementAndGet();
                  }
                });

    // To start, fill up the cache.
    // Each miss both increments the counter and causes the map to grow by one,
    // so until evictions begin, the size of the map is the greatest return
    // value seen so far
    while (cache.getUnchecked(nextRandomKey()) < maximumSize) {}

    requests.set(0);

    assertThat(Iterables.getOnlyElement(getCausalChain(sue))).isSameInstanceAs(sue);

    List<Throwable> causes = getCausalChain(ex);
    assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> causes.add(new RuntimeException()));
  }

  public void testGetCasualChainNull() {
    assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> getCausalChain(null));
  }

            expected = NtStatus.NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
        }
        assertEquals(expected, ex.getNtStatus(), "Status should match mapping or fallback");
    }

    /**
     * Verify that root causes are stored and returned correctly.
     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("Root cause propagation")
    void testRootCausePropagation() {
        Throwable root = mock(Throwable.class);

        applyRule<DependencyAdditionRule>("com.google.apis:google-api-services-storage", "org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j")

        // asciidoctorj depends on a lot of stuff, which causes `Can't create process, argument list too long` on Windows
        applyRule<DependencyRemovalByNameRule>("org.gradle:sample-discovery", setOf("asciidoctorj", "asciidoctorj-api"))

        withModule<RemoveXmlApisRule>("jaxen:jaxen")

    checkFromStringCase("google.com:25\t", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("google.com:0x25 ", 1, null, 99, false);
  }

  public void testFromStringUnparseableNonsense() {
    // Some nonsense that causes parse failures.
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]:80", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[", 1, null, 99, false);

### Usage scanner