assertEquals(asciiFile.length(), temp.length());
    assertFalse(Files.equal(asciiFile, temp));

    assertTrue(Files.asByteSource(asciiFile).contentEquals(Files.asByteSource(asciiFile)));

    // 0-length files have special treatment (/proc, etc.)
    assertTrue(Files.equal(asciiFile, new BadLengthFile(asciiFile, 0)));
  }

  public void testNewReader() throws IOException {
    File asciiFile = getTestFile("ascii.txt");

}

func gatherFiles(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) ([]local.ReaderSource, error) {
	var readers []local.ReaderSource
	for _, f := range args {
		var r *os.File

		// Handle "-" as stdin as a special case.
		if f == "-" {
			if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdin.Fd()) && !isJSONorYAMLOutputFormat() {
				fmt.Fprint(cmd.OutOrStdout(), "Reading from stdin:\n")
			}
			r = os.Stdin

			return err
		}
		buf, err := xlMeta.AppendTo(metaDataPoolGet())
		defer metaDataPoolPut(buf)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		// First writes for special situations do not write to stable storage.
		// this is currently used by
		// - emphemeral objects such as objects created during listObjects() calls

///

## Settings in a dependency

In some occasions it might be useful to provide the settings from a dependency, instead of having a global object with `settings` that is used everywhere.

This could be especially useful during testing, as it's very easy to override a dependency with your own custom settings.

### The config file

Coming from the previous example, your `config.py` file could look like:

   negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any Contributor, or anyone who
   distributes Covered Software as permitted above, be liable to You for any
   direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any
   character including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of
   goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all

   negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any Contributor, or anyone who
   distributes Covered Software as permitted above, be liable to You for any
   direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any
   character including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of
   goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all

				t.Errorf("test %d, NewReader(%s) with %s discard: got %d headers, want %d headers",
					i, s1, s2, cnt, v.cnt)
			}
		}
	}
}

// TestReadHeaderOnly tests that Reader does not attempt to read special
// header-only files.
func TestReadHeaderOnly(t *testing.T) {
	f, err := os.Open("testdata/hdr-only.tar")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	defer f.Close()

The end result is that the item paths are now:

* `/items/`
* `/items/{item_id}`

...as we intended.

* They will be marked with a list of tags that contain a single string `"items"`.
    * These "tags" are especially useful for the automatic interactive documentation systems (using OpenAPI).
* All of them will include the predefined `responses`.
* All these *path operations* will have the list of `dependencies` evaluated/executed before them.

```Python hl_lines="31  37"
{!> ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial006.py!}
```

////

## Recap

Use the *path operation decorator's* parameter `response_model` to define response models and especially to ensure private data is filtered out.

http://%zz%66%a.com

# If we get an invalid character that has been escaped.
http://%25
http://hello%00

# Escaped numbers should be treated like IP addresses if they are.
# No special handling for IPv4 or IPv4-like URLs
http://%30%78%63%30%2e%30%32%35%30.01  s:http p:/ h:192.168.0.1
http://%30%78%63%30%2e%30%32%35%30.01%2e  s:http p:/ h:0xc0.0250.01.
http://192.168.0.257