# Using the Request Directly { #using-the-request-directly }

Up to now, you have been declaring the parts of the request that you need with their types.

Taking data from:

* The path as parameters.
* Headers.
* Cookies.
* etc.

And by doing so, **FastAPI** is validating that data, converting it and generating documentation for your API automatically.

But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object directly.

            "input": "plumbus"
        }
    ]
}
```

## 總結

你可以使用 **Pydantic 模型**在 **FastAPI** 中聲明**查詢參數**。😎

/// tip

劇透警告：你也可以使用 Pydantic 模型來聲明 cookie 和 headers，但你將在本教學的後面部分閱讀到這部分內容。🤫

    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.dataclasses_.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    client.headers.clear()
    return client


def test_post_authors_item(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post(
        "/authors/foo/items/",
        json=[{"name": "Bar"}, {"name": "Baz", "description": "Drop the Baz"}],

///

Zuerst erstellen wir eine `GzipRequest`-Klasse, welche die Methode `Request.body()` überschreibt, um den Body bei Vorhandensein eines entsprechenden Headers zu dekomprimieren.

Wenn der Header kein `gzip` enthält, wird nicht versucht, den Body zu dekomprimieren.

Auf diese Weise kann dieselbe Routenklasse gzip-komprimierte oder unkomprimierte Requests verarbeiten.

    assertEquals(setOf(OkHttpTest::class.java.name), testHandler.calls.keys)
  }

  fun testCachedRequest() {
    enableTls()

    server.enqueue(MockResponse(body = "abc", headers = Headers.headersOf("cache-control", "public, max-age=3")))
    server.enqueue(MockResponse(body = "abc"))

    val ctxt = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().targetContext.applicationContext

* `content` – Ein `str` oder `bytes`.
* `status_code` – Ein `int`-HTTP-Statuscode.
* `headers` – Ein `dict` von Strings.
* `media_type` – Ein `str`, der den Medientyp angibt. Z. B. `"text/html"`.

FastAPI (eigentlich Starlette) fügt automatisch einen Content-Length-Header ein. Außerdem wird es einen Content-Type-Header einfügen, der auf dem media_type basiert, und für Texttypen einen Zeichensatz (charset) anfügen.

// IsRequested returns true if the HTTP headers contains
// at least one SSE-KMS header.
func (ssekms) IsRequested(h http.Header) bool {
	if _, ok := h[xhttp.AmzServerSideEncryptionKmsID]; ok {
		return true
	}
	if _, ok := h[xhttp.AmzServerSideEncryptionKmsContext]; ok {
		return true
	}
	if _, ok := h[xhttp.AmzServerSideEncryption]; ok {
		// Return only true if the SSE header is specified and does not contain the SSE-S3 value

{* ../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001_py39.py hl[8:9,11,14] *}

/// tip | Примечание

Имейте в виду, что можно добавлять свои собственные заголовки <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">при помощи префикса 'X-'</a>.

### Go 1.26

Go 1.26 added a new `httpcookiemaxnum` setting that controls the maximum number
of cookies that net/http will accept when parsing HTTP headers. If the number of
cookie in a header exceeds the number set in `httpcookiemaxnum`, cookie parsing
will fail early. The default value is `httpcookiemaxnum=3000`. Setting
`httpcookiemaxnum=0` will allow the cookie parsing to accept an indefinite

COPY ./app /code/app

CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]

# If running behind a proxy like Nginx or Traefik add --proxy-headers
# CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80", "--proxy-headers"]
```

</details>

## 什么是容器

容器（主要是 Linux 容器）是一种非常**轻量级**的打包应用程序的方式，其包括所有依赖项和必要的文件，同时它们可以和同一系统中的其他容器（或者其他应用程序/组件）相互隔离。