Check this function, it already has type hints:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1] *}

Because the editor knows the types of the variables, you don't only get completion, you also get error checks:

<img src="/img/python-types/image04.png">

Now you know that you have to fix it, convert `age` to a string with `str(age)`:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial004_py310.py hl[2] *}

```Python
if "johndoe" == "stanleyjobson" and "love123" == "swordfish":
    ...
```

But right at the moment Python compares the first `j` in `johndoe` to the first `s` in `stanleyjobson`, it will return `False`, because it already knows that those two strings are not the same, thinking that "there's no need to waste more computation comparing the rest of the letters". And your application will say "Incorrect username or password".

**FastAPI** knows what to do in each case and how to reuse the same object, so that all the background tasks are merged together and are run in the background afterwards:


{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[13,15,22,25] *}

```Python hl_lines="2"
# This is not asynchronous
def get_sequential_burgers(number: int):
    # Do some sequential stuff to create the burgers
    return burgers
```

With `async def`, Python knows that, inside that function, it has to be aware of `await` expressions, and that it can "pause" ⏸ the execution of that function and go do something else 🔀 before coming back.

found in the LICENSE file. package drbg import ( "bytes" "crypto/internal/fips140" _ "crypto/internal/fips140/check" "errors" ) func init() { // Per IG 10.3.A, Resolution 7: "A KAT of a DRBG may be performed by: // Instantiate with known data, Reseed with other known data, Generate and // then compare the result to a pre-computed value." fips140.CAST("CTR_DRBG", func() error { entropy := &[SeedSize]byte{ 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10,...

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[23] *}

/// info

Notice that we are only declaring one dependency in the *path operation function*, the `query_or_cookie_extractor`.

But **FastAPI** will know that it has to solve `query_extractor` first, to pass the results of that to `query_or_cookie_extractor` while calling it.

///

```mermaid
graph TB

query_extractor(["query_extractor"])

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

But then we get a `dict` in the parameter `commons` of the *path operation function*.

And we know that editors can't provide a lot of support (like completion) for `dict`s, because they can't know their keys and value types.

We can do better...

## What makes a dependency { #what-makes-a-dependency }

Up to now you have seen dependencies declared as functions.

    if (mapEntryBelowToTruncate != null) {
      // we know ( [
      RangeMapEntry<K, V> rangeMapEntry = mapEntryBelowToTruncate.getValue();
      if (rangeMapEntry.getUpperBound().compareTo(rangeToRemove.lowerBound) > 0) {
        // we know ( [ )
        if (rangeMapEntry.getUpperBound().compareTo(rangeToRemove.upperBound) > 0) {
          // we know ( [ ] ), so insert the range ] ) back into the map --

        if (problems instanceof DefaultModelProblemCollector collector) {
            return collector.hasErrors();
        } else {
            // the default execution path only knows the DefaultModelProblemCollector,
            // only reason it's not in signature is because it's package private
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

This dependency will provide a `str` that is assigned to the parameter `token` of the *path operation function*.

**FastAPI** will know that it can use this dependency to define a "security scheme" in the OpenAPI schema (and the automatic API docs).

/// info | Technical Details