builder.build()
    }.also { expected ->
      assertThat(expected.message).isEqualTo("Null interceptor: [null]")
    }
  }

  @Test fun nullNetworkInterceptorInList() {
    val builder = OkHttpClient.Builder()
    builder.networkInterceptors().addAll(listOf(null) as List<Interceptor>)
    assertFailsWith<IllegalStateException> {
      builder.build()
    }.also { expected ->

Es wird also kein großer `str` zurückgegeben, der die Daten im JSON-Format (als String) enthält. Es wird eine Python-Standarddatenstruktur (z. B. ein `dict`) zurückgegeben, mit Werten und Unterwerten, die alle mit JSON kompatibel sind.

/// note | "Hinweis"

But for now, let's check these important **conceptual ideas**. These concepts also apply to any other type of web API. 💡

## Security - HTTPS

In the [previous chapter about HTTPS](https.md){.internal-link target=_blank} we learned about how HTTPS provides encryption for your API.

We also saw that HTTPS is normally provided by a component **external** to your application server, a **TLS Termination Proxy**.

    * Durch die Verwendung von FastAPI sparen Sie also Entwicklungszeit, Fehler und Codezeilen und würden wahrscheinlich die gleiche Leistung (oder eine bessere) erzielen, die...

// He works in a Company (belongs to), he has a Manager (belongs to - single-table), and also managed a Team (has many - single-table)
// He speaks many languages (many to many) and has many friends (many to many - single-table)
// His pet also has one Toy (has one - polymorphic)
// NamedPet is a reference to a named `Pet` (has one)
type User struct {
	gorm.Model
	Name      string

OAuth2 wurde so konzipiert, dass das Backend oder die API unabhängig vom Server sein kann, der den Benutzer authentifiziert.

In diesem Fall handhabt jedoch dieselbe **FastAPI**-Anwendung sowohl die API als auch die Authentifizierung.

Betrachten wir es also aus dieser vereinfachten Sicht:

* Der Benutzer gibt den `username` und das `password` im Frontend ein und drückt `Enter`.

        .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
        .build().also {
          listener.satisfactionFailure(call, it)
        }
    }

    // If we don't need the network, we're done.
    if (networkRequest == null) {
      return cacheResponse!!.newBuilder()
        .cacheResponse(cacheResponse.stripBody())
        .build().also {
          listener.cacheHit(call, it)
        }
    }

# Response Status Code

The same way you can specify a response model, you can also declare the HTTP status code used for the response with the parameter `status_code` in any of the *path operations*:

* `@app.get()`
* `@app.post()`
* `@app.put()`
* `@app.delete()`
* etc.

{* ../../docs_src/response_status_code/tutorial001.py hl[6] *}

/// note

It has the same fields as `HeroBase`, and it also has `secret_name`.

Now, when the clients **create a new hero**, they will send the `secret_name`, it will be stored in the database, but those secret names won't be returned in the API to the clients.

/// tip

This is how you would handle **passwords**. Receive them, but don't return them in the API.

For example, let's say that you want to have a *path operation* that allows to update items, and returns HTTP status codes of 200 "OK" when successful.

But you also want it to accept new items. And when the items didn't exist before, it creates them, and returns an HTTP status code of 201 "Created".