}

    @ParameterizedTest(name = "encode({1}) -> {2}")
    @MethodSource("encodeProvider")
    void testEncode(byte[] input, String expected) {
        // Arrange & Act
        String actual = Base64.encode(input);
        // Assert
        assertEquals(expected, actual, "Base64.encode should match expected string");
    }

    /**
     * Data provider for Base64 strings and expected decoded byte arrays.
     */

  }
}

/**
 * Returns the certificate encoded in [PEM format][rfc_7468].
 *
 * [rfc_7468]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7468
 */
fun X509Certificate.certificatePem(): String =
  buildString {
    append("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n")
    encodeBase64Lines(encoded.toByteString())
    append("-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n")
  }

            byte[] dst = new byte[buffer.size()];
            int bytesEncoded = buffer.encode(dst, 0);

            assertEquals(buffer.size(), bytesEncoded);

            // Verify encoded data
            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(dst).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
            assertEquals(maxReferralLevel, bb.getShort());

            // Verify path encoding (UTF-16LE)

 * query the fragment is not sent to the webserver: it's private to the client.
 *
 * ## Encoding
 *
 * Each component must be encoded before it is embedded in the complete URL. As we saw above, the
 * string `cute #puppies` is encoded as `cute%20%23puppies` when used as a query parameter value.
 *
 * ### Percent encoding
 *

                request.setAttribute(key, query);
            }
            return query;
        }).orElse(null);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a string to URL-safe Base64 format.
     *
     * @param value the string to encode
     * @return Base64 encoded string, or empty string if value is null
     */
    public static String base64(final String value) {
        if (value == null) {

	readParts := ReadPartCheckSums(serializedOut)
	expectedChecksums := []string{
		part1Checksum.Encoded,
		part2Checksum.Encoded,
		part3Checksum.Encoded,
	}
	for i, expected := range expectedChecksums {
		if got := readParts[i][ChecksumCRC32C.String()]; got != expected {
			t.Fatalf("want part%dChecksum.Encoded %s, got %s", i+1, expected, got)
		}
	}

    /**
     * Returns a new instance configured with a default encode set for the ASCII range. The specific
     * rules vary per-component: for example, '?' may be identity-encoded in a fragment, but must be
     * percent-encoded in a path.
     *
     * See https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#percent-encoded-bytes
     */
    fun newInstance(): UrlComponentEncodingTester =
      UrlComponentEncodingTester()

		MountPath: "/tmp/drive1",
		ID:        "uuid",
		Error:     "",
	}

	var buf bytes.Buffer
	gob.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(v)
	encoded := buf.Bytes()
	b.Log("Size:", buf.Len(), "bytes")
	b.SetBytes(1)
	b.ReportAllocs()

	for b.Loop() {
		dec := gob.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBuffer(encoded))
		err := dec.Decode(&v)
		if err != nil {
			b.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
}

**FastAPI** will make sure to read that data from the right place instead of JSON.

/// note | Technical Details

Data from forms is normally encoded using the "media type" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.

But when the form includes files, it is encoded as `multipart/form-data`. You'll read about handling files in the next chapter.

                }
                try {
                    final String encoded = serializeParameters(parameters);
                    if (encoded.length() > fessConfig.getCookieSearchParameterMaxLengthAsInteger()) {
                        logger.warn("Encoded search parameters exceed the maximum cookie length: {} > {}. Skipping cookie storage.",
                                encoded.length(), fessConfig.getCookieSearchParameterMaxLengthAsInteger());