```

/// note | Nota Técnica

También podrías usar `from starlette.requests import Request` y `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

**FastAPI** ofrece las mismas `starlette.responses` como `fastapi.responses` solo como una conveniencia para ti, el desarrollador. Pero la mayoría de los responses disponibles vienen directamente de Starlette. Lo mismo con `Request`.

///

		if rec.Code != testCase.expectedRespStatus {
			t.Errorf("Test %d: %s: Expected the response status to be `%d`, but instead found `%d`", i+1, instanceType, testCase.expectedRespStatus, rec.Code)
		}

		// Verify response the V2 signed HTTP request.
		// initialize HTTP NewRecorder, this records any mutations to response writer inside the handler.
		recV2 := httptest.NewRecorder()

<img src="/img/tutorial/custom-response/image01.png">

## Respostas disponíveis { #available-responses }

Aqui estão algumas das respostas disponíveis.

Lembre-se que você pode utilizar `Response` para retornar qualquer outra coisa, ou até mesmo criar uma subclasse personalizada.

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode utilizar `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse`.

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": "plumbus", "name": "The great Plumbus"}


def test_put_forbidden(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/bar?token=jessica", headers={"X-Token": "fake-super-secret-token"}
    )
    assert response.status_code == 403, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "You can only update the item: plumbus"}

    response_class=JsonApiResponse,
    responses={422: {"description": "Error", "model": JsonApiError}},
)
async def a(id):
    pass  # pragma: no cover


client = TestClient(app)


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",

///

/// note | 技術細節

你也可以使用 `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`。

**FastAPI** 也將同樣的 `starlette.responses` 以 `fastapi.responses` 的形式提供，純粹是為了讓你（開發者）更方便。但大多數可用的回應類別其實都直接來自 Starlette。`status` 也一樣。

///

## OpenAPI 與 API 文件 { #openapi-and-api-docs }

如果你直接回傳額外的狀態碼與回應，它們不會被包含進 OpenAPI 綱要（API 文件）中，因為 FastAPI 無法事先知道你會回傳什麼。

def test_generic_parameterless_depends():
    response = client.get("/a")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"cls": "A"}

    response = client.get("/b")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"cls": "B"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

{* ../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial004_py310.py hl[17:27] *}

## Responses Adicionales { #additional-responses }

Probablemente has visto cómo declarar el `response_model` y el `status_code` para una *path operation*.

Eso define los metadatos sobre el response principal de una *path operation*.

También puedes declarar responses adicionales con sus modelos, códigos de estado, etc.

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/route1": {
                    "get": {
                        "summary": "Route1",
                        "operationId": "route1_route1_get",
                        "responses": {

/// warning | Uyarı

Yukarıdaki örnekte olduğu gibi bir `Response`'u doğrudan döndürdüğünüzde, response aynen olduğu gibi döndürülür.

Bir model ile serialize edilmez, vb.

İçinde olmasını istediğiniz veriyi taşıdığından emin olun ve değerlerin geçerli JSON olduğundan emin olun (eğer `JSONResponse` kullanıyorsanız).

///

/// note | Teknik Detaylar

`from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` da kullanabilirsiniz.