现在假设你将从头开始编写这段程序。

在某一时刻，你开始定义函数，并且准备好了参数...。

现在你需要调用一个"将第一个字母转换为大写形式的方法"。

等等，那个方法是什么来着？`upper`？还是 `uppercase`？`first_uppercase`？`capitalize`？

然后你尝试向程序员老手的朋友——编辑器自动补全寻求帮助。

输入函数的第一个参数 `first_name`，输入点号（`.`）然后敲下 `Ctrl+Space` 来触发代码补全。

但遗憾的是并没有起什么作用：

<img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/python-types/image01.png">

### 添加类型

让我们来修改上面例子的一行代码。

我们将把下面这段代码中的函数参数从：

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```

 * including tracking information for optimistic locking and audit trails.
 * File configs define how to crawl and index files from local file systems, SMB shares, and FTP servers.
 *
 */
public class EditForm extends CreateForm {

    /**
     * Creates a new EditForm instance.
     */
    public EditForm() {
        super();
    }

    /**

# OSX leaves these everywhere on SMB shares
._*

# OSX trash
.DS_Store

# Developers can store local stuff in dirs named __something
__*

# Eclipse files
.classpath
.project
.settings/**

# Files generated by JetBrains IDEs, e.g. IntelliJ IDEA
.idea/
*.iml

# Vscode files
.vscode

# This is where the result of the go build goes
/output*/
/_output*/
/_output

# Emacs save files
*~
\#*\#

    // deal with camel conversion
    StringBuilder out = null;
    int i = 0;
    int j = -1;
    while ((j = wordBoundary.indexIn(s, ++j)) != -1) {
      if (i == 0) {
        // include some extra space for separators
        out = new StringBuilder(s.length() + 4 * format.wordSeparator.length());
        out.append(format.normalizeFirstWord(s.substring(i, j)));
      } else {

# Query Parameter Models { #query-parameter-models }

If you have a group of **query parameters** that are related, you can create a **Pydantic model** to declare them.

This would allow you to **re-use the model** in **multiple places** and also to declare validations and metadata for all the parameters at once. 😎

/// note

This is supported since FastAPI version `0.115.0`. 🤓

///

// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

//go:build goexperiment.arenas

/*
The arena package provides the ability to allocate memory for a collection
of Go values and free that space manually all at once, safely. The purpose
of this functionality is to improve efficiency: manually freeing memory
before a garbage collection delays that cycle. Less frequent cycles means

// This input was created by taking the instruction productions in
// the old assembler's (6a's) grammar and hand-writing complete
// instructions for each rule, to guarantee we cover the same space.

#include "../../../../../runtime/textflag.h"

TEXT	foo(SB), DUPOK|NOSPLIT, $0

// LTYPE1 nonrem	{ outcode($1, &$2); }
	NEGQ	R11
	NEGQ	4(R11)
	NEGQ	foo+4(SB)

// LTYPE2 rimnon	{ outcode($1, &$2); }

이때 "첫 글자를 대문자로 바꾸는 함수"를 호출해야 합니다.

`upper`였나? 아니면 `uppercase`? `first_uppercase`? `capitalize`?

그때 개발자들의 오랜 친구, 에디터 자동완성을 시도해봅니다.

당신은 `first_name`를 입력한 뒤 점(`.`)을 입력하고 자동완성을 켜기 위해서 `Ctrl+Space`를 눌렀습니다.

하지만 슬프게도 아무런 도움이 되지 않습니다:

<img src="/img/python-types/image01.png">

### 타입 추가하기

이전 버전에서 한 줄만 수정해봅시다.

저희는 이 함수의 매개변수 부분:

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```

            """
        ),
    ] = _Unset,
    decimal_places: Annotated[
        Union[int, None],
        Doc(
            """
            Maximum number of decimal places allowed for numbers.
            """
        ),
    ] = _Unset,
    examples: Annotated[
        Optional[list[Any]],
        Doc(
            """
            Example values for this field.

 * control. Under low update contention, the two classes have similar characteristics. But under
 * high contention, expected throughput of this class is significantly higher, at the expense of
 * higher space consumption.
 *
 * <p>This class extends {@link Number}, but does not define methods such as {@code
 * equals}, {@code hashCode} and {@code compareTo} because instances are expected to be mutated, and