assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null message but valid cause
        Exception cause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid argument");
        DictionaryException exception = new DictionaryException(null, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);

            assertNull(nc.dc);
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("toString() Tests")
    class ToStringTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("toString with valid data produces expected format")
        void testToStringWithValidData() {
            byte[] challenge = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0xFF };
            UniAddress dc = mock(UniAddress.class);

        assertEquals(len, result, "readDataWireFormat should return the length when pipeIn is null.");
    }

    /**
     * Tests the readDataWireFormat method when the pipe has a valid input stream.
     */
    @Test
    void testReadDataWireFormat_withPipeIn() {
        // Setup the mock pipe and its input stream
        mockPipe.pipeIn = mockPipeIn;

// Scan implements serializer interface
func (UnixSecondSerializer) Scan(ctx context.Context, field *Field, dst reflect.Value, dbValue interface{}) (err error) {
	t := sql.NullTime{}
	if err = t.Scan(dbValue); err == nil && t.Valid {
		err = field.Set(ctx, dst, t.Time.Unix())
	}

	return
}

// Value implements serializer interface

 * 80..95 : Offset by a fixed positive offset. The bottom 4 bits of b1 are the top 4 bits of the offset.
 *    119 : Ignored.
 *    120 : Valid.
 *    121 : Disallowed
 *    122 : Mapped inline to the sequence: [b2].
 *    123 : Mapped inline to the sequence: [b2a].
 *    124 : Mapped inline to the sequence: [b2, b3].

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

class AvPairTest {

    @Test
    void testConstructorAndGetters() {
        // Test with a valid type and raw data
        int type = AvPair.MsvAvTimestamp;
        byte[] raw = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 };
        AvPair avPair = new AvPair(type, raw);

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("parsing malformed token throws IOException")
    void testMalformedToken() {
        byte[] bad = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 }; // not a valid ASN.1 tagged object
        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> new NegTokenTarg(bad), "Malformed byte[] should cause IOException");
    }

    @Test

        // Initially not open (isStale returns false when handle is null, not true)
        assertFalse(target.isOpen());
        assertFalse(target.isStale());

        // After ensureOpen, handle valid -> open
        SmbFileHandleImpl fh = target.ensureOpen();
        assertSame(fileHandle, fh);
        assertTrue(target.isOpen());
        assertFalse(target.isStale());

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

class AvChannelBindingsTest {

    /**
     * Test that the constructor correctly initializes with a valid channel binding hash.
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructorWithValidHash() {
        byte[] testHash = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08 };

    void testConstructor_validValue() {
        // Test with a value within the byte range
        NdrSmall ndrSmall = new NdrSmall(123);
        assertEquals(123, ndrSmall.value, "Value should be initialized correctly for valid input.");
    }

    @Test
    void testConstructor_maxValue() {
        // Test with the maximum byte value
        NdrSmall ndrSmall = new NdrSmall(255);