* can narrow the possible floor(log10(x)) values to two. For example, if floor(log2(x)) is 6,
     * then 64 <= x < 128, so floor(log10(x)) is either 1 or 2.
     */
    int y = maxLog10ForLeadingZeros[Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(x)];
    /*
     * y is the higher of the two possible values of floor(log10(x)). If x < 10^y, then we want the
     * lower of the two possible values, or y - 1, otherwise, we want y.
     */

        this.targetName = targetName;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] initSecContext(final byte[] token, final int offset, final int len) throws SmbException {
        return switch (this.state) {
        case 1 -> makeNegotiate(token);
        case 2 -> makeAuthenticate(token);
        default -> throw new SmbException("Invalid state");
        };
    }

    /**

        // Then
        assertEquals(intermediateCause, finalException.getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, finalException.getCause().getCause());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle null message gracefully")
    void testNullMessage() {
        // When/Then
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {

And returns a header `WWW-Authenticate` with a value of `Basic`, and an optional `realm` parameter.

That tells the browser to show the integrated prompt for a username and password.

Then, when you type that username and password, the browser sends them in the header automatically.

## Simple HTTP Basic Auth { #simple-http-basic-auth }

* Import `HTTPBasic` and `HTTPBasicCredentials`.

            }
            return permissions;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean refresh() {
            // MSAL4J handles token refresh internally through silent authentication
            // Check if token is still valid by comparing absolute timestamps
            final long tokenExpiryTime = authResult.expiresOnDate().getTime(); // milliseconds since epoch

     */
    @Test
    public void testBufferSizeValidation() {
        // When - Get a buffer
        byte[] buffer = BufferCache.getBuffer();

        // Then - Buffer should have expected size
        assertNotNull(buffer, "Buffer should not be null");
        assertEquals(SmbComTransaction.TRANSACTION_BUF_SIZE, buffer.length, "Buffer should have TRANSACTION_BUF_SIZE");

    void testDefaultConstructor() {
        // Given & When
        CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException exception = new CIFSUnsupportedCryptoException();

        // Then
        assertNull(exception.getMessage(), "Default constructor should have null message");
        assertNull(exception.getCause(), "Default constructor should have null cause");

        // Given
        int dialect = Smb2Constants.SMB2_DIALECT_0300;

        // When
        byte[] signingKey = Smb3KeyDerivation.deriveSigningKey(dialect, sessionKey, preauthIntegrity);

        // Then
        assertNotNull(signingKey, "Signing key should not be null");
        assertEquals(16, signingKey.length, "Signing key should be 16 bytes");

        // When
        transformHeader.setSignature(signature);

        // Then
        assertArrayEquals(signature, transformHeader.getSignature());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should set and get nonce")
    void testNonce() {
        // When
        transformHeader.setNonce(testNonce);

        // Then
        assertArrayEquals(testNonce, transformHeader.getNonce());
    }

    @Test

            // Then
            assertEquals(input, result, "Should not modify non-matching strings");
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("maskSecretValue should handle null input")
        void testMaskSecretValueWithNull() {
            // When
            String result = Strings.maskSecretValue(null);

            // Then