assertEquals((byte) 0xFE, buffer[offset]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'S', buffer[offset + 1]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'M', buffer[offset + 2]);
            assertEquals((byte) 'B', buffer[offset + 3]);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle deep message chaining")
        void testDeepMessageChaining() {

        @Override
        public int getOffset() {
            if (offset != -1) {
                return offset;
            }

            final String value = request.getParameter("offset");
            if (StringUtil.isBlank(value)) {
                offset = 0;
            } else {
                try {
                    offset = Integer.parseInt(value);

        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Calculates padding needed for the given offset
     * @param offset
     *            the current offset
     * @return padding size in bytes
     */
    protected int pad(final int offset) {
        final int p = offset % getPadding();
        if (p == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        return getPadding() - p;
    }

    session.refresh(db_hero)
    return db_hero


@app.get("/heroes/", response_model=list[HeroPublic])
def read_heroes(
    session: SessionDep,
    offset: int = 0,
    limit: Annotated[int, Query(le=100)] = 100,
):
    heroes = session.exec(select(Hero).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all()
    return heroes


@app.get("/heroes/{hero_id}", response_model=HeroPublic)
def read_hero(hero_id: int, session: SessionDep):

from typing import Annotated, Literal

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: Annotated[FilterParams, Query()]):

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    model_config = {"extra": "forbid"}

    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: FilterParams = Query()):

func (rc *ReadCloser) Close() error {
	return rc.f.Close()
}

// DataOffset returns the offset of the file's possibly-compressed
// data, relative to the beginning of the zip file.
//
// Most callers should instead use [File.Open], which transparently
// decompresses data and verifies checksums.
func (f *File) DataOffset() (offset int64, err error) {
	bodyOffset, err := f.findBodyOffset()
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

  /**
   * Copies the contents of this immutable collection into the specified array at the specified
   * offset. Returns {@code offset + size()}.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  int copyIntoArray(@Nullable Object[] dst, int offset) {
    for (E e : this) {
      dst[offset++] = e;
    }
    return offset;
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible
    Object writeReplace() {

auto;width:91.66666667%}.col-sm-12{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.offset-sm-0{margin-left:0}.offset-sm-1{margin-left:8.33333333%}.offset-sm-2{margin-left:16.66666667%}.offset-sm-3{margin-left:25%}.offset-sm-4{margin-left:33.33333333%}.offset-sm-5{margin-left:41.66666667%}.offset-sm-6{margin-left:50%}.offset-sm-7{margin-left:58.33333333%}.offset-sm-8{margin-left:66.66666667%}.offset-sm-9{margin-left:75%}.offset-sm-10{margin-left:83.33333333%}.offset-sm-11{margin-left:91.66666667%}.g-sm-0,.gx-sm-0{--bs-gut...

     * @param off offset in the buffer
     * @param length maximum length to receive
     * @return number of bytes received
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    int recv(byte[] buf, int off, int length) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Send data to the pipe
     *
     * @param buf buffer containing data to send
     * @param off offset in the buffer