*      writes to, reads from, and closes the pipe in a single operation.
 * <li> <code>TransactNamedPipe</code> A message-type pipe call that
 *      writes to and reads from an existing pipe descriptor in one operation.
 * <li> <code>CreateFile</code>, <code>ReadFile</code>,
 *      <code>WriteFile</code>, and <code>CloseFile</code> A byte-type pipe can
 *      be opened, written to, read from and closed using the standard Win32

                    return (int) misses.incrementAndGet();
                  }
                });

    // To start, fill up the cache.
    // Each miss both increments the counter and causes the map to grow by one,
    // so until evictions begin, the size of the map is the greatest return
    // value seen so far
    while (cache.getUnchecked(nextRandomKey()) < maximumSize) {}

    requests.set(0);

 * #iterator()} method after the first, and whose iterator is always unmodifiable.
 *
 * <p>The {@code Iterable} specification does not make it absolutely clear what should happen on a
 * second invocation, so implementors have made various choices, including:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>returning the same iterator again
 *   <li>throwing an exception of some kind

   *
   * <p>We have chosen this approach over at least two alternatives:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>We could change the serialization of this class incompatibly. We have reserved the right
   *       to make such changes to our serialized forms, and we have made them before, usually
   *       without trouble. In this case, my guess is that our chosen approach is even less likely

        assertTrue(bulkLine.contains("reading2"));
    }

    @Test(expected = SuggesterException.class)
    public void testCreateBulkLineWithNullItem() {
        // Test that null item causes exception
        SuggestUtil.createBulkLine("test_index", "_doc", null);
    }

    @Test
    public void testCreateDefaultReadingConverter() {
        // Test creating default reading converter

如果您选择 "Watching" 而不是 "Releases only"，有人创建新 Issue 时，您会接收到通知。

然后您就可以尝试并帮助他们解决问题。

## 创建 Issue

您可以在 GitHub 资源库中<a href="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/issues/new/choose" class="external-link" target="_blank">创建 Issue</a>，例如：

* 提出**问题**或**意见**
* 提出新**特性**建议

**注意**：如果您创建 Issue，我会要求您也要帮助别的用户。😉

## 创建 PR

您可以创建 PR 为源代码做[贡献](contributing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}，例如：

          range.lowerBoundType() == BoundType.CLOSED,
          range.upperEndpoint(),
          range.upperBoundType() == BoundType.CLOSED);
    } else if (range.hasLowerBound()) {
      return set.tailSet(range.lowerEndpoint(), range.lowerBoundType() == BoundType.CLOSED);
    } else if (range.hasUpperBound()) {
      return set.headSet(range.upperEndpoint(), range.upperBoundType() == BoundType.CLOSED);
    }
    return checkNotNull(set);

 *
 * <p>
 * This exception can be thrown when there are problems accessing URLs, files, or any other resources needed for crawling.
 * It includes constructors to handle messages, causes, or both.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * The log level can be set to DEBUG, INFO, WARN, or ERROR, and the class provides methods to check if a specific log level is enabled.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * Example usage:
 * </p>

            // Act & Assert
            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> resp.readBytesWireFormat(null, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Insufficient buffer causes ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException")
        void shortBuffer_throwsAIOOBE() {
            // Arrange: length 1 means readInt2 will access index 1 and fail
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1];

                fos = null; // Successfully wrapped, no need to close explicitly
            } catch (final Exception e) {
                if (fos != null) {
                    try {
                        fos.close();
                    } catch (final IOException ioe) {
                        // Ignore close exception
                    }
                }
                if (newFile != null) {