@Test
    public void test_constructorWithMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and cause
        String message = "Storage operation failed";
        Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Underlying error");
        StorageException exception = new StorageException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and cause
        String message = "Plugin initialization failed";
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Underlying error");
        PluginException exception = new PluginException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());

     * pagination metadata and functionality.
     *
     * @param <E> the type of elements in this list
     */
    public static class PagingList<E> implements List<E> {
        /** The underlying list containing the actual data. */
        private final List<E> parent;

        /** The total number of pages available. */
        protected int allPageCount;

    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and cause
        String message = "Test error message";
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Underlying cause");
        SearchEngineClientException exception = new SearchEngineClientException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());

     * This constant can be used to retrieve or set the URL exclusion pattern
     * in configuration or processing logic.
     */
    protected static final String URL_EXCLUDE_PATTERN = "url_exclude_pattern";

    /** The underlying index update callback to delegate operations to. */
    protected IndexUpdateCallback indexUpdateCallback;

    /** Factory for creating crawler clients to handle different URL schemes. */

    /** Configuration key for SPNEGO logger level. */
    protected static final String SPNEGO_LOGGER_LEVEL = "spnego.logger.level";

    /** The underlying SPNEGO authenticator instance. */
    protected org.codelibs.spnego.SpnegoAuthenticator authenticator = null;

    /**
     * Constructs a new SPNEGO authenticator.
     */
    public SpnegoAuthenticator() {

 *
 */
public class DocMap implements Map<String, Object> {

    /** The key used for language field identification */
    private static final String LANG_KEY = "lang";

    /** The underlying map that this DocMap wraps */
    private final Map<String, Object> parent;

    /**
     * Constructor that creates a DocMap wrapping the given parent map.
     *

    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessageCode() {
        // Setup
        final String message = "Invalid query with null message code";
        final Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Underlying error");

        // Execute
        final InvalidQueryException exception = new InvalidQueryException(null, message, cause);

        // Verify
        assertNotNull(exception);

Most properties should have a convention set, so (1) can be treated as a rare case where a value must be provided by a user.

 * functionality such as page navigation, record counts, and query execution times.
 */
public class QueryResponseList implements List<Map<String, Object>> {

    /** The underlying list that contains the actual search result documents. */
    protected final List<Map<String, Object>> parent;

    /** The starting position of the current page in the overall result set. */
    protected final int start;