// fid 0x1234, lastWriteTime 0 -> UTime all 0xFF
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(0x1234, 0L, new byte[] { 0x34, 0x12, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF }),
                // negative fid wraps around, lastWriteTime = 1000 -> 1 second -> int value 1
                Arguments.of(-1, 1000L, new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }));
    }

    /**

            when(mockNdrBuffer.dec_ndr_small()).thenReturn((int) (byte) 0x11, (int) (byte) 0x22, // clock seq bytes
                    (int) (byte) 0xAA, (int) (byte) 0xBB, (int) (byte) 0xCC, (int) (byte) 0xDD, (int) (byte) 0xEE, (int) (byte) 0xFF // node bytes
            );
            when(mockNdrBuffer.derive(anyInt())).thenReturn(mockNdrBuffer);

            // When: Decoding the UUID

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should set and get lease key")
    void testLeaseKeyAccessors() {
        byte[] newKeyBytes = new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0xFD, (byte) 0xFC, (byte) 0xFB, (byte) 0xFA, (byte) 0xF9,
                (byte) 0xF8, (byte) 0xF7, (byte) 0xF6, (byte) 0xF5, (byte) 0xF4, (byte) 0xF3, (byte) 0xF2, (byte) 0xF1, (byte) 0xF0 };
        Smb2LeaseKey newKey = new Smb2LeaseKey(newKeyBytes);

            byte[] actualName = request.getName();
            assertNull(actualName);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("encode() method should be callable")
        void testEncodeMethod() {
            CreateContextRequest request = mock(CreateContextRequest.class);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
            when(request.encode(any(byte[].class), anyInt())).thenReturn(16);

        // Verify each instance maintains its own state
        byte[] dst1 = new byte[8];
        byte[] dst2 = new byte[8];
        byte[] dst3 = new byte[8];

        notify1.writeSetupWireFormat(dst1, 0);
        notify2.writeSetupWireFormat(dst2, 0);
        notify3.writeSetupWireFormat(dst3, 0);

        return buffer;
    }

    private byte[] createMinimalDfsReferralBuffer() {
        // Create minimal buffer with no referrals
        byte[] buffer = new byte[8];

        // Path consumed (2 bytes)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0, buffer, 0);

        // Number of referrals (2 bytes) - 0
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0, buffer, 2);

        // Flags (2 bytes)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0, buffer, 4);

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle file ID shorter than 16 bytes")
        void testShortFileId() {
            byte[] shortFileId = new byte[8];
            Arrays.fill(shortFileId, (byte) 0xAB);
            request.setFileId(shortFileId);
            request.setData(new byte[10], 0, 10);

            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];

            // Should handle gracefully or throw appropriate exception

            DummySSPContext ctx = new DummySSPContext(new byte[] { 1 }, true, null, null, 0, true);
            byte[] data = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 };
            byte[] wrongMic = new byte[] { 0 };
            assertThrows(CIFSException.class, () -> ctx.verifyMIC(data, wrongMic));
            assertThrows(CIFSException.class, () -> ctx.verifyMIC(null, new byte[] { 0 }));

    void testReadULong() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x04 };
        int result = NtlmMessage.readULong(a, 0);
        assertEquals(0x04030201, result, "ULong should be little‑endian");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readUShort correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadUShort() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { (byte) 0xAA, (byte) 0xBB };

    @DisplayName("Hex Conversion Tests")
    class HexConversionTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Various byte values are converted to uppercase hex")
        void testHexConversion() {
            byte[] challenge = new byte[] { (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x0F, (byte) 0x10, (byte) 0x7F, (byte) 0x80, (byte) 0xFF };
            UniAddress dc = mock(UniAddress.class);
            when(dc.toString()).thenReturn("DC");