int bufferIndex = 0;
        int start = 0;

        // Write server name (16 bytes, null padded)
        byte[] nameBytes = serverName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
        System.arraycopy(nameBytes, 0, buffer, bufferIndex, Math.min(nameBytes.length, 15));
        bufferIndex += 16;

        // Write version major (1 byte)
        buffer[bufferIndex++] = (byte) versionMajor;

        }
        byte[] packet = new byte[totalLen];
        System.arraycopy(header, 0, packet, 0, header.length);
        System.arraycopy(body, 0, packet, SMB2_HEADER_LENGTH, body.length);
        if (ctxOffsetFromHeader != null && ctxBytes != null) {
            System.arraycopy(ctxBytes, 0, packet, ctxOffsetFromHeader, ctxBytes.length);
        }
        return packet;
    }

            // Write Reserved2 (4 bytes)
            bufferIndex += 4;

            // Write file ID (16 bytes)
            byte[] expectedFileId = createTestData(16);
            System.arraycopy(expectedFileId, 0, buffer, bufferIndex, 16);

            // Read the buffer
            int bytesRead = notification.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0);

            // Verify the bytes read

    int strCopyLen = len;
    int pos = 0;
    while (count != 0) {
      if ((count & 1) != 0) {
        System.arraycopy(strCopy, 0, array, pos, strCopyLen);
        pos += strCopyLen;
      }
      count >>= 1;
      if (count != 0) {
        System.arraycopy(strCopy, 0, strCopy, strCopyLen, strCopyLen);
        strCopyLen <<= 1;
      }
    }
    return new String(array);
  }

  @Benchmark

            System.arraycopy(NTLMSSP_SIGNATURE, 0, type2, 0, 8);
            writeULong(type2, 8, 2);
            writeSecurityBuffer(type2, 12, data, target);
            writeULong(type2, 20, flags);
            System.arraycopy(challenge != null ? challenge : new byte[8], 0, type2, 24, 8);
            if (context != null) {
                System.arraycopy(context, 0, type2, 32, 8);
            }

            }
            ServerMessageBlock.writeInt4(signSequence, data, index);
            update(data, offset, length);
            System.arraycopy(digest(), 0, data, index, 8);
            if (bypass) {
                bypass = false;
                System.arraycopy("BSRSPYL ".getBytes(), 0, data, index, 8);
            }
        } catch (final Exception ex) {
            if (LogStream.level > 0) {

        Encodable enc = new ByteEncodable(src, 0, 5);
        byte[] dst = new byte[4]; // too small

        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> enc.encode(dst, 0),
                "System.arraycopy should throw for insufficient destination space");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("encode() throws when dstIndex causes overflow")
    void encodeThrowsWhenDstIndexCausesOverflow() {

            // Create a buffer with null terminator within the max length
            byte[] buffer = new byte[20];
            System.arraycopy("Test".getBytes(), 0, buffer, 0, 4);
            buffer[4] = 0; // null terminator
            System.arraycopy("String".getBytes(), 0, buffer, 5, 6);

            String result = testBlock.readString(buffer, 0, buffer.length, 10, false);

  public static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] concat(
      T[] first, T[] second, Class<@NonNull T> type) {
    T[] result = newArray(type, first.length + second.length);
    arraycopy(first, 0, result, 0, first.length);
    arraycopy(second, 0, result, first.length, second.length);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new array that prepends {@code element} to {@code array}.
   *

        
        writeInt4(buffer, offset + 12, dataOffset - offset);  // DataOffset
        
        // Write context name
        System.arraycopy(getName().getBytes(), 0, buffer, offset + 16, getName().length());
        
        // Write lease data
        System.arraycopy(leaseKey.getKey(), 0, buffer, dataOffset, 16);  // LeaseKey
        writeInt4(buffer, dataOffset + 16, leaseState);  // LeaseState