from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as asynccontextmanager
from typing import TypeVar

import anyio.to_thread
from anyio import CapacityLimiter
from starlette.concurrency import iterate_in_threadpool as iterate_in_threadpool  # noqa
from starlette.concurrency import run_in_threadpool as run_in_threadpool  # noqa
from starlette.concurrency import (  # noqa

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Security
from fastapi.security import APIKeyQuery
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

api_key = APIKeyQuery(name="key", auto_error=False)


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str


def get_current_user(oauth_header: Optional[str] = Security(api_key)):
    if oauth_header is None:
        return None

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Security
from fastapi.security import APIKeyCookie
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

api_key = APIKeyCookie(name="key", auto_error=False)


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str


def get_current_user(oauth_header: Optional[str] = Security(api_key)):
    if oauth_header is None:
        return None

## 具有子类型的 List 字段

但是 Python 有一种特定的方法来声明具有子类型的列表：

### 从 typing 导入 `List`

首先，从 Python 的标准库 `typing` 模块中导入 `List`：

{* ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial002.py hl[1] *}

### 声明具有子类型的 List

要声明具有子类型的类型，例如 `list`、`dict`、`tuple`：

* 从 `typing` 模块导入它们
* 使用方括号 `[` 和 `]` 将子类型作为「类型参数」传入

```Python
from typing import List

my_list: List[str]
```

这完全是用于类型声明的标准 Python 语法。

from typing import Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query
from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    age: Union[int, None] = Field(default=None, index=True)
    secret_name: str


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"

from collections.abc import Generator
from contextlib import contextmanager
from typing import Annotated, Any

import pytest
from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, WebSocket
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


class Session:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.data = ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
        self.open = True

    def __iter__(self) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
        for item in self.data:

しかし、Pythonには型や「タイプパラメータ」を使ってリストを宣言する方法があります:

### typingの`List`をインポート

まず、Pythonの標準の`typing`モジュールから`List`をインポートします:

{* ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial002.py hl[1] *}

### タイプパラメータを持つ`List`の宣言

`list`や`dict`、`tuple`のようなタイプパラメータ（内部の型）を持つ型を宣言するには:

* `typing`モジュールからそれらをインストールします。
* 角括弧（`[`と`]`）を使って「タイプパラメータ」として内部の型を渡します:

```Python
from typing import List

my_list: List[str]
```

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


async def common_parameters(
    q: Union[str, None] = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100
):
    return {"q": q, "skip": skip, "limit": limit}


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(commons: Annotated[dict, Depends(common_parameters)]):
    return {"message": "Hello Items!", "params": commons}

from typing import Any

from fastapi import FastAPI, Response
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@app.delete(
    "/{id}",
    status_code=204,
    response_model=None,
)
async def delete_deployment(
    id: int,
    response: Response,
) -> Any:
    response.status_code = 400
    return {"msg": "Status overwritten", "id": id}


client = TestClient(app)

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI, Security
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()

oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
    tokenUrl="/token",
    description="OAuth2PasswordBearer security scheme",
    auto_error=False,
)


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(token: Optional[str] = Security(oauth2_scheme)):
    if token is None: