assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08 }, responseBuffer);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test with empty buffers")
    void testWithEmptyBuffers() {
        // Test with empty byte arrays
        byte[] emptyRequestBuffer = new byte[0];
        byte[] emptyResponseBuffer = new byte[0];

        verify(consumer, times(3)).accept(dosCaptor.capture(), ntCaptor.capture());
        assertIterableEquals(Arrays.asList(0x00000000, 0x00050001, 0x007b0001), dosCaptor.getAllValues());
        assertIterableEquals(Arrays.asList(0x00000000, 0xc0000022, 0xc0000033), ntCaptor.getAllValues());

        // And ensure no further interactions happened
        verifyNoMoreInteractions(consumer);

/**
 * Helper class for language detection.
 */
public class LanguageHelper {
    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(LanguageHelper.class);

    /** An array of language fields. */
    protected String[] langFields;

    /** An array of supported languages. */
    protected String[] supportedLanguages;

    /** The language detector. */
    protected LanguageDetector detector;

        char[] dst2 = new char[4];
        Hexdump.toHexChars(0xABCD, dst2, 0, 4);
        assertEquals("ABCD", new String(dst2));

        // Test with offset
        char[] dst3 = new char[10];
        java.util.Arrays.fill(dst3, 'X');
        Hexdump.toHexChars(0xFF, dst3, 2, 2);
        assertEquals("XXFFXXXXXX", new String(dst3));

        // Test long conversion
        char[] dst4 = new char[16];

  }

  /**
   * Returns an array containing all of the elements from this fluent iterable in iteration order.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> if an object array is acceptable, use {@code
   * stream.toArray()}; if {@code type} is a class literal such as {@code MyType.class}, use {@code
   * stream.toArray(MyType[]::new)}. Otherwise use {@code stream.toArray( len -> (E[])
   * Array.newInstance(type, len))}.
   *

  }

  /**
   * Returns an array containing all of the elements from this fluent iterable in iteration order.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> if an object array is acceptable, use {@code
   * stream.toArray()}; if {@code type} is a class literal such as {@code MyType.class}, use {@code
   * stream.toArray(MyType[]::new)}. Otherwise use {@code stream.toArray( len -> (E[])
   * Array.newInstance(type, len))}.
   *

    private CrawlJob crawlJob;

    // Helper method to compare arrays
    private void assertArrayEquals(String[] expected, String[] actual) {
        if (expected == null && actual == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (expected == null || actual == null) {
            fail("Arrays are not equal: one is null");
        }
        assertEquals("Array lengths differ", expected.length, actual.length);

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**

     * to equals(), and we will deduplicate those properly, albeit at some cost in allocations.
     */
    int expectedSize =
        elements instanceof Set ? array.length : estimatedSizeForUnknownDuplication(array.length);
    return fromArrayWithExpectedSize(array, expectedSize);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order

    } catch (Exception e) { // sneaky checked exception
      throw new RuntimeException(Arrays.toString(stimuli), e);
    }
  }

  private void recurse(int level) {
    // We're going to reuse the stimuli array 3^steps times by overwriting it
    // in a recursive loop.  Sneaky.
    if (level == stimuli.length) {
      // We've filled the array.
      compareResultsForThisListOfStimuli();
    } else {