// format byte + path + null terminator
        byte[] expected = new byte[1 + dirName.length() + 1];
        expected[0] = 0x04; // buffer format
        System.arraycopy(dirName.getBytes(), 0, expected, 1, dirName.length());
        expected[dirName.length() + 1] = 0x00; // null terminator

        byte[] dst = new byte[100];
        int len = sdd.writeBytesWireFormat(dst, 0);

    // error classes
    /** Success status code */
    public static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    /** Name service error class */
    public static final int ERR_NAM_SRVC = 0x01;
    /** Session service error class */
    public static final int ERR_SSN_SRVC = 0x02;

    // name service error codes
    /** Format error in the name service */
    public static final int FMT_ERR = 0x1;
    /** Server error in the name service */

        byte[] buffer = new byte[10];
        // sid = 1
        writeInt2(1, buffer, 0);
        // numEntries = 2
        writeInt2(2, buffer, 2);
        // isEndOfSearch = true
        buffer[4] = 0x01;
        buffer[5] = 0x00;
        // eaErrorOffset = 3
        writeInt2(3, buffer, 6);
        // lastNameOffset = 4
        writeInt2(4, buffer, 8);

    static final int SESSION_MESSAGE = 0x00;
    static final int SESSION_REQUEST = 0x81;
    /**
     * NetBIOS positive session response packet type.
     */
    public static final int POSITIVE_SESSION_RESPONSE = 0x82;
    /**
     * NetBIOS negative session response packet type.
     */
    public static final int NEGATIVE_SESSION_RESPONSE = 0x83;
    static final int SESSION_RETARGET_RESPONSE = 0x84;

        assertEquals(0x01, smbComOpenAndX.openFunction); // OPEN_FN_OPEN
    }

    /**
     * Test constructor with O_TRUNC flag.
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructor_TruncateOnly() {
        int flags = SmbFile.O_TRUNC;
        smbComOpenAndX = new SmbComOpenAndX(fileName, access, flags, andx);
        assertEquals(0x02, smbComOpenAndX.openFunction); // OPEN_FN_TRUNC
    }

    /**

    // error classes
    /** Success status code */
    public static final int SUCCESS = 0;
    /** Name service error class */
    public static final int ERR_NAM_SRVC = 0x01;
    /** Session service error class */
    public static final int ERR_SSN_SRVC = 0x02;

    // name service error codes
    /** Format error in the name service */
    public static final int FMT_ERR = 0x1;
    /** Server error in the name service */

     * Test constructor with malformed data (too short).
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructorMalformedData() {
        // Prepare data (only 2 bytes, less than an int)
        byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02 };

        // Verify that PACDecodingException is thrown
        assertThrows(PACDecodingException.class, () -> {
            new PacSignature(data);
        });
    }

    /**

        private final InetAddress address;
        private final int flags;

        /** Flag indicating IPv4 address type */
        public static final int IPV4 = 0x01;
        /** Flag indicating IPv6 address type */
        public static final int IPV6 = 0x02;

        /**
         * Creates a new witness IP address.
         *
         * @param address the IP address
         */

        filter.init(filterConfig);

        // Test NTLM Type 1 message handling
        byte[] type1Message = new byte[] { 0x4E, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x53, 0x53, 0x50, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
        String authHeader = "NTLM " + new String(org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64.encode(type1Message));

        when(request.getHeader("Authorization")).thenReturn(authHeader);

                new byte[] { (byte) 0xbb, (byte) 0x6e, (byte) 0xd3, (byte) 0x08, (byte) 0x70, (byte) 0xb7, (byte) 0xf0, (byte) 0xe0 });

        // 64-fold("kerberos")
        verifyNfold("kerberos", 8,
                new byte[] { (byte) 0x6b, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x72, (byte) 0x62, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x72, (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x73 });
    }

    /**
     * Helper method to verify n-fold expansion.
     */