* interaction with {@link NdrBuffer}.  All public behaviour is exercised.
 */
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class NdrShortTest {

    /**
     * A small reusable buffer for encode/decode tests.
     */
    private byte[] raw;
    private NdrBuffer buf;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        // 10 bytes is more than enough for the 2-byte short

But if you need to access variables and objects from the same **FastAPI** app, or you need to perform small background tasks (like sending an email notification), you can simply just use `BackgroundTasks`.

## Recap { #recap }

        });

        assertThrows(CIFSException.class, () -> {
            preauthService.initializeSession("test", new byte[8], PreauthIntegrityService.HASH_ALGO_SHA512); // Too small
        });
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test unsupported hash algorithm")
    public void testUnsupportedHashAlgorithm() {
        byte[] salt = preauthService.generatePreauthSalt();

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should throw exception with insufficient buffer")
        void testReadBytesWireFormatInsufficientBuffer() {
            // Given
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1]; // Too small

            // When & Then
            assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, 0));
        }

        @Test

   * @return the same value cast to {@code char} if it is in the range of the {@code char} type,
   *     {@link Character#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large, or {@link Character#MIN_VALUE} if it is too
   *     small
   */
  public static char saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Character.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Character.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Character.MIN_VALUE) {
      return Character.MIN_VALUE;

   * @param value any {@code long} value
   * @return the same value cast to {@code short} if it is in the range of the {@code short} type,
   *     {@link Short#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large, or {@link Short#MIN_VALUE} if it is too small
   */
  public static short saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Short.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Short.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Short.MIN_VALUE) {
      return Short.MIN_VALUE;
    }

   * @param value any {@code long} value
   * @return the same value cast to {@code short} if it is in the range of the {@code short} type,
   *     {@link Short#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large, or {@link Short#MIN_VALUE} if it is too small
   */
  public static short saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Short.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Short.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Short.MIN_VALUE) {
      return Short.MIN_VALUE;
    }

            return entity;
        });
    }

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                        Small Helper
    //                                                                        ============
    /**
     * Verifies that the CRUD mode matches the expected mode.
     *
     * @param crudMode the actual CRUD mode

            // Only stub supportsIntegrity - isEstablished won't be called due to short-circuit
            when(mockCtx.supportsIntegrity()).thenReturn(false);

            // A small consumer that only uses MIC if advertised as available
            byte[] data = new byte[] { 1, 2 };
            if (mockCtx.supportsIntegrity() && mockCtx.isEstablished()) {
                mockCtx.calculateMIC(data);

        for (int i = 0; i < 150; i++) {
            largeParams.put("key" + i, "value" + i);
        }

        assertNotNull(queryRescorer.evaluate(largeParams));

        // Test with small number of parameters
        Map<String, Object> smallParams = new HashMap<>();
        smallParams.put("key", "value");
        assertNull(queryRescorer.evaluate(smallParams));
    }