{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/app_a_py39/test_main.py hl[3] *}


...и писать дальше тесты, как и раньше.

## Тестирование: расширенный пример { #testing-extended-example }

Теперь давайте расширим наш пример и добавим деталей, чтоб посмотреть, как тестировать различные части приложения.

### Расширенный файл приложения **FastAPI** { #extended-fastapi-app-file }

# Классы как зависимости { #classes-as-dependencies }

Прежде чем углубиться в систему **Внедрения Зависимостей**, давайте обновим предыдущий пример.

## `dict` из предыдущего примера { #a-dict-from-the-previous-example }

В предыдущем примере мы возвращали `dict` из нашей зависимости:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

Но затем мы получаем `dict` в параметре `commons` *функции-обработчика пути*.

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tests that all {@code public static} methods "inherited" from superclasses are "overridden" in
 * each immutable-collection class. This ensures, for example, that a call written "{@code
 * ImmutableSortedSet.copyOf()}" cannot secretly be a call to {@code ImmutableSet.copyOf()}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class FauxveridesTest extends TestCase {

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tests that all {@code public static} methods "inherited" from superclasses are "overridden" in
 * each immutable-collection class. This ensures, for example, that a call written "{@code
 * ImmutableSortedSet.copyOf()}" cannot secretly be a call to {@code ImmutableSet.copyOf()}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class FauxveridesTest extends TestCase {

 * elements' text contents. When possible, avoid manual escaping by using templating systems and
 * high-level APIs that provide autoescaping. For example, consider <a
 * href="http://www.xom.nu/">XOM</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>Note:</b> Currently the escapers provided by this class do not escape any characters

 * the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The methods of {@code ForwardingSortedMultiset} forward
 * <b>indiscriminately</b> to the methods of the delegate. For example, overriding {@link
 * #add(Object, int)} alone <b>will not</b> change the behavior of {@link #add(Object)}, which can
 * lead to unexpected behavior. In this case, you should override {@code add(Object)} as well,

# Collect all arguments for the java command:
#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
#     and any embedded shellness will be escaped.
#   * For example: A user cannot expect ${Hostname} to be expanded, as it is an environment variable and will be
#     treated as '${Hostname}' itself on the command line.

set -- \
        "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \

The same as when declaring query parameters, when a model attribute has a default value, it is not required. Otherwise, it is required. Use `None` to make it just optional.

For example, this model above declares a JSON "`object`" (or Python `dict`) like:

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "An optional description",
    "price": 45.2,
    "tax": 3.5
}
```

    - tutorial/path-params-numeric-validations.md
    - tutorial/query-param-models.md
    - tutorial/body-multiple-params.md
    - tutorial/body-fields.md
    - tutorial/body-nested-models.md
    - tutorial/schema-extra-example.md
    - tutorial/extra-data-types.md
    - tutorial/cookie-params.md
    - tutorial/header-params.md
    - tutorial/cookie-param-models.md
    - tutorial/header-param-models.md
    - tutorial/response-model.md

			// For metadata values like "ö", "ÄMÄZÕÑ S3", and "öha, das sollte eigentlich
			// funktionieren", tested against a real AWS S3 bucket, S3 may encode incorrectly. For
			// example, "ö" was encoded as =?UTF-8?B?w4PCtg==?=, producing invalid UTF-8 instead
			// of =?UTF-8?B?w7Y=?=. This mirrors errors like the ä½ in another string.
			//