mockedCrypto.when(Crypto::getMD5).thenReturn(mockMd5);
            HMACT64 hmac = new HMACT64(TEST_KEY);
            hmac.engineUpdate((byte) 0x01);
            verify(mockMd5, times(1)).update((byte) 0x01);
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testEngineUpdateByteArray() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        // Test engineUpdate(byte[] input, int offset, int len)

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readParameterWordsWireFormat with a too-short buffer - throws exception")
    void testReadParameterWordsWithShortBuffer() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02 }; // only three bytes
        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> response.readParameterWordsWireFormat(buffer, 0));
    }

    @Test

class Smb2LeaseStateTest {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should define correct lease state constants")
    void testLeaseStateConstants() {
        assertEquals(0x00, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_NONE);
        assertEquals(0x01, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_READ_CACHING);
        assertEquals(0x02, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_HANDLE_CACHING);
        assertEquals(0x04, Smb2LeaseState.SMB2_LEASE_WRITE_CACHING);

            byte[] buffer = new byte[32];
            // total allocation units (8 bytes)
            buffer[4] = 0x01;
            // caller available allocation units (8 bytes)
            buffer[12] = 0x01;
            // actual free units (8 bytes) - should be skipped
            buffer[20] = (byte) 0xFF;
            buffer[21] = (byte) 0xFF;

     * .
     */
    @Test
    public void testToBinary() {
        assertThat(BinaryConversionUtil.toBinary(null), nullValue());
        final byte[] b = { 0x00, 0x01 };
        assertThat(BinaryConversionUtil.toBinary(b), is(b));
        assertThat(BinaryConversionUtil.toBinary("hoge"), is("hoge".getBytes()));
    }

    /**
     * Test method for

        // Assert
        assertEquals(expectedFlags, queryPolicy.getFlags());
        // Binary check for individual flags
        assertEquals(0x03, queryPolicy.getFlags()); // 0x01 | 0x02 = 0x03
    }

    @Test
    void getOpnum_shouldReturnCorrectValue() {
        // Arrange
        short level = 1;

    // relative to headerStart
    private static final int PRIMARY_SETUP_OFFSET = 61;
    private static final int SECONDARY_PARAMETER_OFFSET = 51;

    private static final int DISCONNECT_TID = 0x01;
    private static final int ONE_WAY_TRANSACTION = 0x02;

    private static final int PADDING_SIZE = 2;

    private final int flags = 0x00;
    private int fid;
    private int pad = 0;
    private int pad1 = 0;

            SMBUtil.writeInt8(500, buffer1, 48);
            SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x01, buffer1, 56);

            response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer1, 0);

            assertEquals(1, response.getCloseFlags());
            assertEquals(1000, response.getAllocationSize());
            assertEquals(500, response.getEndOfFile());
            assertEquals(0x01, response.getFileAttributes());

            // Second read with different values

    class ToStringTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("toString with valid data produces expected format")
        void testToStringWithValidData() {
            byte[] challenge = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0xFF };
            UniAddress dc = mock(UniAddress.class);
            when(dc.toString()).thenReturn("SERVER123");

            NtlmChallenge nc = new NtlmChallenge(challenge, dc);

                // negative fid wraps around, lastWriteTime = 1000 -> 1 second -> int value 1
                Arguments.of(-1, 1000L, new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }));
    }

    /**
     * When lastWriteTime is zero the encoded unsigned time must be all 1s.
     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("edge: writeParameterWordsWireFormat with lastWriteTime=0")