byte[] buffer = new byte[20];

            int bytesRead = Transport.readn(is, buffer, 0, 5);
            assertEquals(5, bytesRead);
            assertArrayEquals("Hello".getBytes(), java.util.Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 0, 5));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("readn should throw IOException when buffer too short")
        void shouldThrowWhenBufferTooShort() {

 *
 * @author Hayward Chan
 */
final class Platform {
  // Class.cast is not supported in GWT.
  static void checkCast(Class<?> clazz, Object obj) {}

  static <T> T[] clone(T[] array) {
    return (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(array, 0, array.length);
  }

  // TODO: Consolidate different copies in one single place.
  static String format(String template, Object... args) {
    // start substituting the arguments into the '%s' placeholders

            for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
                byte[] sig1 = Arrays.copyOfRange(results[i], SIGNATURE_OFFSET, SIGNATURE_OFFSET + SIGNATURE_LENGTH);
                for (int j = i + 1; j < threadCount; j++) {
                    byte[] sig2 = Arrays.copyOfRange(results[j], SIGNATURE_OFFSET, SIGNATURE_OFFSET + SIGNATURE_LENGTH);

        int bytesWritten = hmac.engineDigest(buffer, 5, 16);

        assertEquals(16, bytesWritten);
        // Check that bytes were written to the correct position
        byte[] extractedResult = Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 5, 21);
        assertEquals(16, extractedResult.length);
    }

    @Test
    void testEngineDigestWithInsufficientBuffer() {
        // Test engineDigest with buffer too small

    Inet4Address server = getInet4Address(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 4, 8));

    int flags = ByteStreams.newDataInput(bytes, 8).readShort() & 0xffff;

    // Teredo obfuscates the mapped client port, per section 4 of the RFC.
    int port = ~ByteStreams.newDataInput(bytes, 10).readShort() & 0xffff;

    byte[] clientBytes = Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 12, 16);
    for (int i = 0; i < clientBytes.length; i++) {

    T[] empty = reference.length == 0 ? reference : Arrays.copyOf(reference, 0);
    return Arrays.copyOf(empty, length);
  }

  /** Equivalent to Arrays.copyOfRange(source, from, to, arrayOfType.getClass()). */
  static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] copy(Object[] source, int from, int to, T[] arrayOfType) {
    T[] result = newArray(arrayOfType, to - from);

   * {@code array}, or {@code -1} if there is no such occurrence.
   *
   * <p>More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that {@code Arrays.copyOfRange(array,
   * i, i + target.length)} contains exactly the same elements as {@code target}.
   *
   * @param array the array to search for the sequence {@code target}

   * {@code array}, or {@code -1} if there is no such occurrence.
   *
   * <p>More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that {@code Arrays.copyOfRange(array,
   * i, i + target.length)} contains exactly the same elements as {@code target}.
   *
   * @param array the array to search for the sequence {@code target}

  private static class Control extends AbstractNonStreamingHashFunction {
    @Override
    public HashCode hashBytes(byte[] input, int off, int len) {
      return HashCode.fromBytes(Arrays.copyOfRange(input, off, off + len));
    }

    @Override
    public int bits() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
  }

   * {@code array}, or {@code -1} if there is no such occurrence.
   *
   * <p>More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that {@code Arrays.copyOfRange(array,
   * i, i + target.length)} contains exactly the same elements as {@code target}.
   *
   * @param array the array to search for the sequence {@code target}