* range uniformly at random. Zero is treated as having log2 == 0.
   */
  static BigInteger randomNonNegativeBigInteger(int numBits) {
    int digits = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(numBits);
    if (digits == 0) {
      return new BigInteger(1, RANDOM_SOURCE);
    } else {
      return new BigInteger(digits, RANDOM_SOURCE).setBit(digits);
    }
  }

  /**

    public static String byteCountToDisplaySize(final long size) {
        return byteCountToDisplaySize(BigInteger.valueOf(size));
    }

    private static String byteCountToDisplaySize(final BigInteger size) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(size, "size");
        final String displaySize;

        if (size.divide(ONE_EB_BI).compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) {

import com.google.caliper.Param;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Benchmarks for the rounding methods of {@code BigIntegerMath}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class BigIntegerMathRoundingBenchmark {
  private static final BigInteger[] nonzero1 = new BigInteger[ARRAY_SIZE];

   * range uniformly at random. Zero is treated as having log2 == 0.
   */
  static BigInteger randomNonNegativeBigInteger(int numBits) {
    int digits = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(numBits);
    if (digits == 0) {
      return new BigInteger(1, RANDOM_SOURCE);
    } else {
      return new BigInteger(digits, RANDOM_SOURCE).setBit(digits);
    }
  }

  /**

  }

  /**
   * Does a CPU intensive operation on Integer and returns a BigInteger Used to implement an
   * ordering that spends a lot of cpu.
   */
  static class ExpensiveComputation implements Function<Integer, BigInteger> {
    @Override
    public BigInteger apply(Integer from) {
      BigInteger v = BigInteger.valueOf(from);
      // Math.sin is very slow for values outside 4*pi

    }
  }

  /** Previous version of BigIntegerMath.factorial, kept for timing purposes. */
  private static BigInteger oldSlowFactorial(int n) {
    if (n <= 20) {
      return BigInteger.valueOf(LongMath.factorial(n));
    } else {
      int k = 20;
      return BigInteger.valueOf(LongMath.factorial(k)).multiply(oldSlowFactorial(k, n));
    }
  }

import com.google.caliper.Param;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Benchmarks for the rounding methods of {@code BigIntegerMath}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class BigIntegerMathRoundingBenchmark {
  private static final BigInteger[] nonzero1 = new BigInteger[ARRAY_SIZE];

    if (x <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(role + " (" + x + ") must be > 0");
    }
    return x;
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  static BigInteger checkPositive(String role, BigInteger x) {
    if (x.signum() <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(role + " (" + x + ") must be > 0");
    }
    return x;
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue

   * Returns the {@code Inet4Address} corresponding to a given {@code BigInteger}.
   *
   * @param address BigInteger representing the IPv4 address
   * @return Inet4Address representation of the given BigInteger
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the BigInteger is not between 0 and 2^32-1
   * @since 28.2
   */
  public static Inet4Address fromIPv4BigInteger(BigInteger address) {

    long significand = doubleToRawLongBits(x) & SIGNIFICAND_MASK;
    return longBitsToDouble(significand | ONE_BITS);
  }

  static double bigToDouble(BigInteger x) {
    // This is an extremely fast implementation of BigInteger.doubleValue(). JDK patch pending.
    BigInteger absX = x.abs();
    int exponent = absX.bitLength() - 1;
    // exponent == floor(log2(abs(x)))
    if (exponent < Long.SIZE - 1) {
      return x.longValue();