optional k8s.io.apimachinery.pkg.apis.meta.v1.ListMeta metadata = 1;

  // items is a list of schema objects.
  repeated Event items = 2;
}

// EventSeries contain information on series of events, i.e. thing that was/is happening
// continuously for some time. How often to update the EventSeries is up to the event reporters.
// The default event reporter in "k8s.io/client-go/tools/events/event_broadcaster.go" shows

   * `new Integer` (as we do) instead of `Integer.valueOf`. However, under J2KT, `new Integer`
   * gets translated back to `Integer.valueOf` because that is the only thing J2KT can support. And
   * anyway, it's nice to avoid `Integer.valueOf` because the Android toolchain optimizes multiple
   * `Integer.valueOf` calls into one! So we stick with the deprecated `Integer` constructor.
   */

I think `Union[SomeType, None]` is more explicit about what it means.

It's just about the words and names. But those words can affect how you and your teammates think about the code.

As an example, let's take this function:

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009c.py!}

	//
	// We want to do the same thing in ambient but can't rely on podSpec injection. So, do effectively the same thing,
	// but with iptables rules - use `--socket-exists` as a proxy for "is this a forwarded packet" vs "is this originating from
	// a local node socket". If the latter, outside the pod in the host netns, redirect that traffic to a hardcoded/custom proxy

    And those two things, `scope` and `receive`, are what is needed to create a new `Request` instance.

    To learn more about the `Request` check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs about Requests</a>.

!!! tip
    The `shutdown` would happen when you are **stopping** the application.

    Maybe you need to start a new version, or you just got tired of running it. 🤷

### Lifespan function

The first thing to notice, is that we are defining an async function with `yield`. This is very similar to Dependencies with `yield`.

```Python hl_lines="14-19"
{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial003.py!}
```

  private final long totalLoadTime;

  private final long evictionCount;

  /**
   * Constructs a new {@code CacheStats} instance.
   *
   * <p>Five parameters of the same type in a row is a bad thing, but this class is not constructed
   * by end users and is too fine-grained for a builder.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  public CacheStats(
      long hitCount,

  private final long totalLoadTime;

  private final long evictionCount;

  /**
   * Constructs a new {@code CacheStats} instance.
   *
   * <p>Five parameters of the same type in a row is a bad thing, but this class is not constructed
   * by end users and is too fine-grained for a builder.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  public CacheStats(
      long hitCount,

  optional k8s.io.apimachinery.pkg.apis.meta.v1.ListMeta metadata = 1;

  // items is a list of schema objects.
  repeated Event items = 2;
}

// EventSeries contain information on series of events, i.e. thing that was/is happening
// continuously for some time.
message EventSeries {
  // count is the number of occurrences in this series up to the last heartbeat time.
  optional int32 count = 1;

This is the basic idea. But you will probably want to take care of some additional things, like:

* Security - HTTPS
* Running on startup
* Restarts
* Replication (the number of processes running)
* Memory
* Previous steps before starting