"fueses", "fuésemos", "fueseis", "fuesen", "siendo", "sido", "tengo", "tienes", "tiene", "tenemos", "tenéis", "tienen", "tenga", "tengas", "tengamos", "tengáis", "tengan", "tendré", "tendrás", "tendrá", "tendremos", "tendréis", "tendrán", "tendría", "tendrías", "tendríamos", "tendríais", "tendrían", "tenía", "tenías", "teníamos", "teníais", "tenían", "tuve", "tuviste", "tuvo", "tuvimos", "tuvisteis", "tuvieron", "tuviera", "tuvieras", "tuviéramos", "tuvierais", "tuvieran", "tuviese", "tuvieses", "tuviésemos",...

<module>
<source path="">
  <!-- Hack to keep collect from hiding collect.testing supersource: -->
  <exclude name="**/testing/**"/>
</source>

<!--
    We used to set this only for packages that had manual supersource. That
    worked everywhere that I know of except for one place: when running the GWT
    util.concurrent tests under Guava.

    The problem is that GWT responds poorly to two .gwt.xml files in the same

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

!!! note "Hinweis"

You could want to set up a different database for testing, rollback the data after the tests, pre-fill it with some testing data, etc.

The main idea is exactly the same you saw in that previous chapter.

## Add tests for the SQL app

# Testing WebSockets

You can use the same `TestClient` to test WebSockets.

For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebSocket:

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

!!! note

Wenn Sie in Ihren Tests Ihre Event-Handler (`startup` und `shutdown`) ausführen wollen, können Sie den `TestClient` mit einer `with`-Anweisung verwenden:

```Python hl_lines="9-12  20-24"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial003.py!}

# 🔬 🎉: 🕴 - 🤫

🕐❔ 👆 💪 👆 🎉 🐕‍🦺 (`startup` & `shutdown`) 🏃 👆 💯, 👆 💪 ⚙️ `TestClient` ⏮️ `with` 📄:

```Python hl_lines="9-12  20-24"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial003.py!}

对于这些用例，**FastAPI** 应用支持 `app.dependcy_overrides` 属性，该属性就是**字典**。

要在测试时覆盖原有依赖项，这个字典的键应当是原依赖项（函数），值是覆盖依赖项（另一个函数）。

这样一来，**FastAPI** 就会调用覆盖依赖项，不再调用原依赖项。

```Python hl_lines="26-27  30"
{!../../../docs_src/dependency_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! tip "提示"

    **FastAPI** 应用中的任何位置都可以实现覆盖依赖项。

    原依赖项可用于*路径操作函数*、*路径操作装饰器*（不需要返回值时）、`.include_router()` 调用等。

    FastAPI 可以覆盖这些位置的依赖项。

# Testing Events: startup - shutdown

When you need your event handlers (`startup` and `shutdown`) to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with a `with` statement:

```Python hl_lines="9-12  20-24"
{!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial003.py!}

🔐 🔗 🔬, 👆 🚮 🔑 ⏮️ 🔗 (🔢), & 💲, 👆 🔗 🔐 (➕1️⃣ 🔢).

& ⤴️ **FastAPI** 🔜 🤙 👈 🔐 ↩️ ⏮️ 🔗.

```Python hl_lines="28-29  32"
{!../../../docs_src/dependency_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! tip
    👆 💪 ⚒ 🔗 🔐 🔗 ⚙️ 🙆 👆 **FastAPI** 🈸.

    ⏮️ 🔗 💪 ⚙️ *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*, *➡ 🛠️ 👨‍🎨* (🕐❔ 👆 🚫 ⚙️ 📨 💲), `.include_router()` 🤙, ♒️.

    FastAPI 🔜 💪 🔐 ⚫️.