"다른 무언가를 기다리는 것"은 일반적으로 비교적 "느린" (프로세서와 RAM 메모리 속도에 비해) <abbr title="Input and Output">I/O</abbr> 작업을 의미합니다. 예를 들면 다음의 것들을 기다리는 것입니다:

* 네트워크를 통해 클라이언트로부터 전송되는 데이터
* 네트워크를 통해 클라이언트가 수신할, 당신의 프로그램으로부터 전송되는 데이터
* 시스템이 읽고 프로그램에 전달할 디스크 내의 파일 내용
* 당신의 프로그램이 시스템에 전달하는, 디스크에 작성될 내용
* 원격 API 작업
* 완료될 데이터베이스 작업
* 결과를 반환하는 데이터베이스 쿼리
* 기타

수행 시간의 대부분이 <abbr title="Input and Output">I/O</abbr> 작업을 기다리는데에 소요되기 때문에, "I/O에 묶인" 작업이라고 불립니다.

        self.servers = servers or []
        self.separate_input_output_schemas = separate_input_output_schemas
        self.extra = extra
        self.openapi_version: Annotated[
            str,
            Doc(
                """
                The version string of OpenAPI.

                FastAPI will generate OpenAPI version 3.1.0, and will output that as

    sub: Optional[SubItem] = None
    if PYDANTIC_V2:
        model_config = {"json_schema_serialization_defaults_required": True}


def get_app_client(separate_input_output_schemas: bool = True) -> TestClient:
    app = FastAPI(separate_input_output_schemas=separate_input_output_schemas)

    @app.post("/items/")
    def create_item(item: Item):
        return item

    @app.post("/items-list/")
    def create_item_list(item: List[Item]):

    * JSON.
    * Path parameters.
    * Query parameters.
    * Cookies.
    * Headers.
    * Forms.
    * Files.
* <abbr title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</abbr> of output data: converting from Python data and types to network data (as JSON):
    * Convert Python types (`str`, `int`, `float`, `bool`, `list`, etc).
    * `datetime` objects.
    * `UUID` objects.
    * Database models.

      - opened
      - synchronize
jobs:
  changes:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # Required permissions
    permissions:
      pull-requests: read
    # Set job outputs to values from filter step
    outputs:
      docs: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.docs }}
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    # For pull requests it's not necessary to checkout the code but for master it is
    - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3

        components["schemas"] = {k: definitions[k] for k in sorted(definitions)}
    if components:
        output["components"] = components
    output["paths"] = paths
    if webhook_paths:
        output["webhooks"] = webhook_paths
    if tags:
        output["tags"] = tags

Because of that, the JSON Schema for a model can be different depending on if it's used for **input or output**:

* for **input** the `description` will **not be required**
* for **output** it will be **required** (and possibly `None`, or in JSON terms, `null`)

### Model for Output in Docs

You can check the output model in the docs too, **both** `name` and `description` are marked as **required** with a **red asterisk**:

Und wenn Sie alle verfügbaren Schemas (JSON-Schemas) in OpenAPI überprüfen, werden Sie feststellen, dass es zwei gibt, ein `Item-Input` und ein `Item-Output`.

Für `Item-Input` ist `description` **nicht erforderlich**, es hat kein rotes Sternchen.

Aber für `Item-Output` ist `description` **erforderlich**, es hat ein rotes Sternchen.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/separate-openapi-schemas/image04.png">

```JSON  hl_lines="7"
{
  "name": "frontend-app",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "generate-client": "openapi-ts --input http://localhost:8000/openapi.json --output ./src/client --client axios"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "",
  "devDependencies": {
    "@hey-api/openapi-ts": "^0.27.38",
    "typescript": "^4.6.2"
  }
}
```

      - name: Comment Deploy
        if: steps.deploy.outputs.url != ''
        uses: ./.github/actions/comment-docs-preview-in-pr
        with:
          token: ${{ secrets.FASTAPI_PREVIEW_DOCS_COMMENT_DEPLOY }}