@app.get("/items/valid", response_model=Item)
def get_valid():
    return {"name": "valid", "date": datetime(2021, 7, 26), "price": 1.0}


@app.get("/items/object", response_model=Item)
def get_object():
    return Item(
        name="object", date=datetime(2021, 7, 26), price=1.0, owner_ids=[1, 2, 3]
    )


@app.get("/items/coerce", response_model=Item)
def get_coerce():

{!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
```

## Create Pydantic models

As **Couchbase** "documents" are actually just "JSON objects", we can model them with Pydantic.

### `User` model

First, let's create a `User` model:

```Python hl_lines="24-28"
{!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
```

We will use this model in our *path operation function*, so, we don't include in it the `hashed_password`.

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_05 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_portal():
    response = client.get("/portal")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Here's your interdimensional portal."}


def test_get_redirect():
    response = client.get("/portal", params={"teleport": True}, follow_redirects=False)

}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}", response_model=Item)
async def read_item(item_id: str):
    return items[item_id]


@app.patch("/items/{item_id}", response_model=Item)
async def update_item(item_id: str, item: Item):
    stored_item_data = items[item_id]
    stored_item_model = Item(**stored_item_data)
    update_data = item.dict(exclude_unset=True)
    updated_item = stored_item_model.copy(update=update_data)

class JsonApiError(BaseModel):
    errors: typing.List[Error]


@app.get(
    "/a",
    status_code=204,
    response_class=JsonApiResponse,
    responses={500: {"description": "Error", "model": JsonApiError}},
)
async def a():
    pass


@app.get("/b", responses={204: {"description": "No Content"}})
async def b():
    pass  # pragma: no cover


client = TestClient(app)

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi._compat import PYDANTIC_V2
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict


class FooBaseModel(BaseModel):
    if PYDANTIC_V2:
        model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
    else:

        class Config:
            extra = "forbid"


class Foo(FooBaseModel):
    pass


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/")
async def post(

Тим самим способом ця база даних не прийматиме об'єкт типу Pydantic model (об'єкт з атрибутами), а лише `dict`.

Ви можете використовувати `jsonable_encoder` для цього.

Вона приймає об'єкт, такий як Pydantic model, і повертає його версію, сумісну з JSON:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="4  21"

    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item)
async def create_item(item: Item) -> Any:
    return item


@app.get("/items/", response_model=list[Item])
async def read_items() -> Any:
    return [
        {"name": "Portal Gun", "price": 42.0},
        {"name": "Plumbus", "price": 32.0},

```Python hl_lines="17"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

#### Получение *значения перечисления*

Можно получить фактическое значение (в данном случае - `str`) с помощью `model_name.value` или в общем случае `your_enum_member.value`:

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

!!! tip "Подсказка"

*路径参数*的值是枚举的元素。

#### 比较*枚举元素*

枚举类 `ModelName` 中的*枚举元素*支持比较操作：

```Python hl_lines="17"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

#### 获取*枚举值*

使用 `model_name.value` 或 `your_enum_member.value` 获取实际的值（本例中为**字符串**）：

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py!}
```

!!! tip "提示"

    使用 `ModelName.lenet.value` 也能获取值 `"lenet"`。