* size}, inclusive.
   *
   * @param start a user-supplied index identifying a starting position in an array, list or string
   * @param end a user-supplied index identifying an ending position in an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if either index is negative or is greater than {@code size},

    bufferHelper("three\rlines\rno newline at end", "three\r", "lines\r", "no newline at end");
    bufferHelper("mixed\nline\rendings\r\n", "mixed\n", "line\r", "endings\r\n");
  }

  private static final int[] CHUNK_SIZES = {1, 2, 3, Integer.MAX_VALUE};

  private static void bufferHelper(String input, String... expect) throws IOException {

      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("Cannot get() on a pending future.");
    }
  }

  static void verifyTimedGetOnPendingFuture(Future<?> future) {
    try {
      future.get(0, SECONDS);
      fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      assertThat(e).isInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);
      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("Cannot get() on a pending future.");
    }
  }

    assertEquals("FooBar{}", toTest);
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // Class names are obfuscated in GWT
  public void testToStringHelper_localInnerClass() {
    // Local inner classes have names ending like "Outer.$1Inner"
    class LocalInnerClass {}
    String toTest = MoreObjects.toStringHelper(new LocalInnerClass()).toString();
    assertEquals("LocalInnerClass{}", toTest);
  }

    AbstractFuture<Object> testFuture3 = new AbstractFuture<Object>() {};
    testFuture3.setFuture(testFuture2);
    assertThat(testFuture3.toString())
        .matches(
            "[^\\[]+\\[status=PENDING, setFuture=\\[[^\\[]+\\[status=PENDING,"
                + " info=\\[cause=\\[Someday...]]]]]");
    testFuture2.set("result string");
    assertThat(testFuture3.toString())

   *
   * <p>Among the improvements that this method and {@code LoadingCache.get(K)} both provide are:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@linkplain LoadingCache#get(Object) awaiting the result of a pending load} rather than
   *       starting a redundant one
   *   <li>eliminating the error-prone caching boilerplate
   *   <li>tracking load {@linkplain #stats statistics}
   * </ul>
   *

/**
 * An entry in a reference map.
 *
 * <p>Entries in the map can be in the following states:
 *
 * <p>Valid:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Live: valid key/value are set
 *   <li>Loading: loading is pending
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Invalid:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Expired: time expired (key/value may still be set)
 *   <li>Collected: key/value was partially collected, but not yet cleaned up

    return longBitsToDouble(significand | ONE_BITS);
  }

  static double bigToDouble(BigInteger x) {
    // This is an extremely fast implementation of BigInteger.doubleValue(). JDK patch pending.
    BigInteger absX = x.abs();
    int exponent = absX.bitLength() - 1;
    // exponent == floor(log2(abs(x)))
    if (exponent < Long.SIZE - 1) {
      return x.longValue();
    } else if (exponent > MAX_EXPONENT) {

   * implementation. Using a reconstruction of the default Object.toString() prevents OOMs and stack
   * overflows, and helps avoid sensitive data inadvertently ending up in exception messages.
   */
  private void appendResultObject(StringBuilder builder, @CheckForNull Object o) {
    if (o == null) {
      builder.append("null");
    } else if (o == this) {

            "CombinedFuture@\\w+\\[status=PENDING,"
                + " info=\\[futures=\\[SettableFuture@\\w+\\[status=PENDING],"
                + " SettableFuture@\\w+\\[status=PENDING]]]]");
    Integer integerPartial = 1;
    futureInteger.set(integerPartial);
    assertThat(futureResult.toString())
        .matches(
            "CombinedFuture@\\w+\\[status=PENDING,"