!!! info
    You can also use:

    * `response_model_exclude_defaults=True`
    * `response_model_exclude_none=True`

    as described in <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#modeldict" class="external-link" target="_blank">the Pydantic docs</a> for `exclude_defaults` and `exclude_none`.

#### Data with values for fields with defaults

As the parameters are described with TypeScript types (similar to Python type hints), editor support is quite good.

{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial003.py!}
```

## Alternative Events (deprecated)

!!! warning
    The recommended way to handle the *startup* and *shutdown* is using the `lifespan` parameter of the `FastAPI` app as described above. If you provide a `lifespan` parameter, `startup` and `shutdown` event handlers will no longer be called. It's all `lifespan` or all events, not both.

    You can probably skip this part.

* In `encoders.jsonable_encoder` remove parameter `sqlalchemy_safe`.
    * It was an early hack to allow returning SQLAlchemy models, but it was never documented, and the recommended way is using Pydantic's `orm_mode` as described in the tutorial: [SQL (Relational) Databases](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/sql-databases/).
    * PR [#1864](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1864).

### Docs