return errors.New("nbf: Expected number")
				}
				c.NotBefore, err = jsonparser.ParseInt(value)
				return err
			}
		case 's':
			if string(key) == "sub" {
				if dataType != jsonparser.String {
					return errors.New("sub: Expected string")
				}
				c.Subject, err = jsonparser.ParseString(value)
				return err
			}
		}
		// Ignore unknown fields
		return nil
	})
}

## Details

The first `"/static"` refers to the sub-path this "sub-application" will be "mounted" on. So, any path that starts with `"/static"` will be handled by it.

The `directory="static"` refers to the name of the directory that contains your static files.

The `name="static"` gives it a name that can be used internally by **FastAPI**.

# Including WSGI - Flask, Django, others

You can mount WSGI applications as you saw with [Sub Applications - Mounts](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, [Behind a Proxy](behind-a-proxy.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

For that, you can use the `WSGIMiddleware` and use it to wrap your WSGI application, for example, Flask, Django, etc.

## Using `WSGIMiddleware`

You need to import `WSGIMiddleware`.

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class SubModel(BaseModel):
    a: Optional[str] = "foo"


class Model(BaseModel):
    x: Optional[int] = None
    sub: SubModel


class ModelSubclass(Model):
    y: int
    z: int = 0
    w: Optional[int] = None


class ModelDefaults(BaseModel):
    w: Optional[str] = None
    x: Optional[str] = None

     *   <li><b>Module hierarchy:</b> if {@code module-info.class} files are found in sub-directories,
     *       at a deep intentionally restricted to one level, then builds a map of module names found
     *       in the descriptor of each sub-directory.</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * Otherwise if the given path is a JAR file, then there is a choice:
     * <ul>

// and make available to all Kotlin DSL users
package gradlebuild.basics.kotlindsl

import org.gradle.api.Project
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
import java.io.File


/**
 * `dir / "sub"` is the same as `dir.resolve("sub")`.
 *
 * @see [File.resolve]
 */
operator fun File.div(child: String): File =
    resolve(child)

      # debugging, but breaks this "number of failures" counter because it's
      # different for repetitions of the same test. We use re.sub(r"0x\w+")
      # to remove it.
      key = re.sub(r"0x\w+", "", p.getparent().get("name", "")) + p.text
      if key in seen:
        testsuite._elem.remove(p.getparent())
      seen[key] += 1

		if err := newCtx.Err(); err == context.Canceled {
			return LockContext{ctx: ctx, cancel: func() {}}, err
		}
		return LockContext{ctx: ctx, cancel: func() {}}, OperationTimedOut{}
	}
	timeout.LogSuccess(UTCNow().Sub(start))
	return LockContext{ctx: newCtx, cancel: cancel}, nil
}

// Unlock - block until write lock is released.
func (di *distLockInstance) Unlock(lc LockContext) {
	if lc.cancel != nil {
		lc.cancel()
	}

{{- $statements_length := len .statements -}} {{- $statements_length := sub $statements_length 1 -}} { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ {{- range $i, $statement := .statements }} { "Effect": "{{ $statement.effect | default "Allow" }}", "Action": [ "{{ $statement.actions | join "\",\n\"" }}" ]{{ if $statement.resources }}, "Resource": [ "{{ $statement.resources | join "\",\n\"" }}" ]{{ end }} {{- if $statement.conditions }} {{- $condition_len := len $statement.conditions }} {{- $condition_len...

同理，JWT 可以用于更复杂的场景。

在这些情况下，多个实体的 ID 可能是相同的，以 ID  `foo` 为例，用户的 ID 是 `foo`，车的 ID 是 `foo`，博客的 ID 也是  `foo`。

为了避免 ID 冲突，在给用户创建 JWT 令牌时，可以为 `sub` 键的值加上前缀，例如 `username:`。因此，在本例中，`sub` 的值可以是：`username:johndoe`。

注意，划重点，`sub` 键在整个应用中应该只有一个唯一的标识符，而且应该是字符串。

## 检查

运行服务器并访问文档： <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>。

可以看到如下用户界面：