*
 * <h3>Alternatives</h3>
 *
 * <h4>Frameworks</h4>
 *
 * <p>When chaining together a graph of asynchronous operations, you will often find it easier to
 * use a framework. Frameworks automate the process, often adding features like monitoring,
 * debugging, and cancellation. Examples of frameworks include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a href="https://dagger.dev/producers.html">Dagger Producers</a>
 * </ul>
 *

  // safely publish these objects and we won't need this whole discussion.
  // TODO(user,lukes): consider adding volatile to all these fields since in current known JVMs
  // that should resolve the issue. This comes at the cost of adding more write barriers to the
  // implementations.

  private Futures() {}

  /**

Um diese Typen und die inneren Typen zu deklarieren, können Sie Pythons Standardmodul `typing` verwenden. Es existiert speziell für die Unterstützung dieser Typhinweise.

#### Neuere Python-Versionen

Die Syntax, welche `typing` verwendet, ist **kompatibel** mit allen Versionen, von Python 3.6 aufwärts zu den neuesten, inklusive Python 3.9, Python 3.10, usw.

import json
from typing import List

from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, FastAPI, WebSocket
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from typing_extensions import Annotated


def dependency_list() -> List[str]:
    return []


DepList = Annotated[List[str], Depends(dependency_list)]


def create_dependency(name: str):
    def fun(deps: DepList):
        deps.append(name)

    return Depends(fun)

from typing import List

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(files: Annotated[List[bytes], File()]):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(files: List[UploadFile]):

from typing import List

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(
    files: Annotated[List[bytes], File(description="Multiple files as bytes")],
):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Header
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    strange_header: Annotated[
        Union[str, None], Header(convert_underscores=False)
    ] = None,
):

import typing

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class JsonApiResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/vnd.api+json"


class Error(BaseModel):
    status: str
    title: str


class JsonApiError(BaseModel):
    errors: typing.List[Error]


@app.get(
    "/a",

import typing

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class JsonApiResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/vnd.api+json"


class Error(BaseModel):
    status: str
    title: str


class JsonApiError(BaseModel):
    errors: typing.List[Error]


@app.get(
    "/a",

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(q: Annotated[Union[str, None], Query(alias="item-query")] = None):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})