import typing

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class JsonApiResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/vnd.api+json"


class Error(BaseModel):
    status: str
    title: str


class JsonApiError(BaseModel):
    errors: typing.List[Error]


@app.get(
    "/a/{id}",

Dann würde es hinter den Kulissen diese JSON-kompatiblen Daten (z. B. ein `dict`) in eine `JSONResponse` einfügen, die zum Senden der Response an den Client verwendet würde.

Sie können jedoch direkt eine `JSONResponse` von Ihren *Pfadoperationen* zurückgeben.

Das kann beispielsweise nützlich sein, um benutzerdefinierte Header oder Cookies zurückzugeben.

import org.lastaflute.web.response.JsonResponse;

public class ApiAdminRoleAction extends FessApiAdminAction {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ApiAdminRoleAction.class);

    @Resource
    private RoleService roleService;

    // GET /api/admin/role/settings
    // POST /api/admin/role/settings
    @Execute
    public JsonResponse<ApiResult> settings(final SearchBody body) {

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: str
    value: str


class Message(BaseModel):
    message: str


app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/{item_id}", response_model=Item, responses={404: {"model": Message}})
async def read_item(item_id: str):
    if item_id == "foo":

But you can return a `JSONResponse` directly from your *path operations*.

It might be useful, for example, to return custom headers or cookies.

## Return a `Response`

In fact, you can return any `Response` or any sub-class of it.

!!! tip
    `JSONResponse` itself is a sub-class of `Response`.

import org.lastaflute.web.Execute;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.JsonResponse;

public class ApiAdminGroupAction extends FessApiAdminAction {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ApiAdminGroupAction.class);

    @Resource
    private GroupService groupService;

    // GET /api/admin/group
    // POST /api/admin/group
    @Execute
    public JsonResponse<ApiResult> settings(final SearchBody body) {

        return Response(status_code=exc.status_code, headers=headers)
    return JSONResponse(
        {"detail": exc.detail}, status_code=exc.status_code, headers=headers
    )


async def request_validation_exception_handler(
    request: Request, exc: RequestValidationError
) -> JSONResponse:
    return JSONResponse(
        status_code=HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,

import org.codelibs.fess.dict.protwords.ProtwordsFile;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.protwords.ProtwordsItem;
import org.lastaflute.web.Execute;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.JsonResponse;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.StreamResponse;

public class ApiAdminDictProtwordsAction extends FessApiAdminAction {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ApiAdminDictProtwordsAction.class);

from typing import Any

from starlette.responses import FileResponse as FileResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse as HTMLResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import JSONResponse as JSONResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import PlainTextResponse as PlainTextResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import RedirectResponse as RedirectResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import Response as Response  # noqa

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.FessApiAdminAction;
import org.codelibs.fess.es.config.exentity.RelatedContent;
import org.lastaflute.web.Execute;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.JsonResponse;

public class ApiAdminRelatedcontentAction extends FessApiAdminAction {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ApiAdminRelatedcontentAction.class);