- To be able to reliably use S3 multipart APIs feature of the SDKs without re-inventing the wheel of pre-signing the each URL in multipart API. This is very tedious to implement with all the scenarios of fault tolerance that's already implemented by the client SDK. The general client SDKs don't support multipart with presigned URLs.

When configured, MinIO sends request and credential details for every API call to an external HTTP(S) endpoint and expects an allow/deny response. MinIO is thus able to delegate access management to an external system, and users are able to use a custom solution instead of S3 standard IAM policies.

  // implementation will use to handle pods of this class. The possible values
  // are specific to the node & CRI configuration.  It is assumed that all
  // handlers are available on every node, and handlers of the same name are
  // equivalent on every node.
  // For example, a handler called "runc" might specify that the runc OCI
  // runtime (using native Linux containers) will be used to run the containers
  // in a pod.

  /** Though this executor service may hold many threads, they are not executed concurrently. */
  private val tasksExecutor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(threadFactory("TaskFaker"))

  /**
   * True if this task faker has ever had multiple tasks scheduled to run concurrently. Guarded by
   * [TaskRunner.lock].
   */
  var isParallel = false

  /** Number of calls to [TaskRunner.Backend.execute]. Guarded by [TaskRunner.lock]. */

    !!! tip
        Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

    ```Python hl_lines="7"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial011.py!}
    ```

In this case, **FastAPI** won't ever touch or care about `__init__`, we will use it directly in our code.

## Create an instance

We could create an instance of this class with:

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="18"

  @ParameterizedTest
  @ArgumentsSource(ProtocolParamProvider::class)
  fun pingsTransmitted(
    protocol: Protocol,
    mockWebServer: MockWebServer,
  ) {
    setUp(protocol, mockWebServer)
    // Ping every 500 ms, starting at 500 ms.
    client =
      client.newBuilder()
        .pingInterval(Duration.ofMillis(500))
        .build()

    // Delay the response to give 1 ping enough time to be sent and replied to.

        param("env.GRADLE_INTERNAL_REPO_URL", "%gradle.internal.repository.url%")
        if (os == Os.MACOS) {
            // Use fewer parallel forks on macOs, since the agents are not very powerful.
            param("maxParallelForks", "2")
        }
        if (os == Os.LINUX || os == Os.MACOS) {
            param("env.LC_ALL", "en_US.UTF-8")
        }
    }
}

OAuth2 with scopes is the mechanism used by many big authentication providers, like Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, Twitter, etc. They use it to provide specific permissions to users and applications.

Every time you "log in with" Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, Twitter, that application is using OAuth2 with scopes.

    ```

### Check the password

At this point we have the user data from our database, but we haven't checked the password.

Let's put that data in the Pydantic `UserInDB` model first.

You should never save plaintext passwords, so, we'll use the (fake) password hashing system.

If the passwords don't match, we return the same error.

#### Password hashing

  }

  /**
   * Object class to adapter type. This approach limits us to one adapter per Kotlin class, which
   * might be too few for values like UTF_STRING and OBJECT_IDENTIFIER that share a Kotlin class but
   * have very different ASN.1 interpretations.
   */
  private val defaultAnyChoices =
    listOf(
      Boolean::class to BOOLEAN,
      BigInteger::class to INTEGER_AS_BIG_INTEGER,
      BitString::class to BIT_STRING,