*
 * <h3>Additional documentation</h3>
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide for the {@code common.graph} package (<a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained">"Graphs Explained"</a>) for
 * additional documentation, including:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a
 *       href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained#equals-hashcode-and-graph-equivalence">

 * which contained the following notice:
 *
 * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
 * Other contributors include Andrew Wright, Jeffrey Hayes,
 * Pat Fisher, Mike Judd.
 */

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

It will have a property `scopes` with a list containing all the scopes required by itself and all the dependencies that use this as a sub-dependency. That means, all the "dependants"... this might sound confusing, it is explained again later below.

The `security_scopes` object (of class `SecurityScopes`) also provides a `scope_str` attribute with a single string, containing those scopes separated by spaces (we are going to use it).

    return 1 << IntMath.log2(x, RoundingMode.CEILING);
  }

  /*
   * This method was written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 Expert Group
   * and released to the public domain, as explained at
   * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain
   *
   * As of 2010/06/11, this method is identical to the (package private) hash method in OpenJDK 7's
   * java.util.HashMap class.
   */

This is because by default, FastAPI will inspect every item inside and make sure it is serializable as JSON, using the same [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank} explained in the tutorial. This is what allows you to return **arbitrary objects**, for example database models.

### Return a Response Directly

The most common case would be [returning a Response directly as explained later in the advanced docs](../advanced/response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

```Python hl_lines="8  10-11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_02.py!}
```

 *
 * <h3>Additional documentation</h3>
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide for the {@code common.graph} package (<a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained">"Graphs Explained"</a>) for
 * additional documentation, including:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><a
 *       href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/GraphsExplained#equals-hashcode-and-graph-equivalence">

 * which contained the following notice:
 *
 * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
 * Other contributors include Andrew Wright, Jeffrey Hayes,
 * Pat Fisher, Mike Judd.
 */

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

!!! tip
    For new code and whenever possible, use `Annotated` as explained above. There are multiple advantages (explained below) and no disadvantages. 🍰

This is how you would use `Query()` as the default value of your function parameter, setting the parameter `max_length` to 50:

=== "Python 3.10+"

   * ImmutableMultiset}. Elements are sorted by the specified comparator.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code comparator} should be <i>consistent with {@code equals}</i> as
   * explained in the {@link Comparator} documentation.
   *
   * @since 21.0
   */
  public static <E> Collector<E, ?, ImmutableSortedMultiset<E>> toImmutableSortedMultiset(
      Comparator<? super E> comparator) {