同理，JWT 可以用于更复杂的场景。

在这些情况下，多个实体的 ID 可能是相同的，以 ID  `foo` 为例，用户的 ID 是 `foo`，车的 ID 是 `foo`，博客的 ID 也是  `foo`。

为了避免 ID 冲突，在给用户创建 JWT 令牌时，可以为 `sub` 键的值加上前缀，例如 `username:`。因此，在本例中，`sub` 的值可以是：`username:johndoe`。

注意，划重点，`sub` 键在整个应用中应该只有一个唯一的标识符，而且应该是字符串。

## 检查

运行服务器并访问文档： <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>。

可以看到如下用户界面：

    }

    /**
     * A phase in the lifecycle.
     *
     * A phase is identified by its name. It also contains a list of plugins bound to that phase,
     * a list of {@link Link links}, and a list of sub-phases.  This forms a tree of phases.
     */
    interface Phase {

        // ======================
        // Maven defined phases
        // ======================
        String BUILD = "build";

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.beans.impl.sub;

/**
 * @author koichik
 */
public class MogeBeanFactory {

    /**
     * @param name
     * @return MogeBean
     */
    public static MogeBean create(final String name) {

{* ../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial004.py hl[9] *}

and then it won't include it in the OpenAPI schema.

## Mounting a sub-application

If you need to mount a sub-application (as described in [Sub Applications - Mounts](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) while also using a proxy with `root_path`, you can do it normally, as you would expect.

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.beans.impl.sub;

/**
 * @author koichik
 */
class MogeBeanImpl implements MogeBean {

    String name;

    /**
     *
     */
    public MogeBeanImpl() {
    }

    /**
     * @param name

It might be useful, for example, to return custom headers or cookies.

## Return a `Response`

In fact, you can return any `Response` or any sub-class of it.

/// tip

`JSONResponse` itself is a sub-class of `Response`.

///

And when you return a `Response`, **FastAPI** will pass it directly.

        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username: str = payload.get("sub")
        if username is None:
            raise credentials_exception
        token_scopes = payload.get("scopes", [])
        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)

        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username: str = payload.get("sub")
        if username is None:
            raise credentials_exception
        token_scopes = payload.get("scopes", [])
        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)

pkg math/bits, func Mul(uint, uint) (uint, uint)
pkg math/bits, func Mul32(uint32, uint32) (uint32, uint32)
pkg math/bits, func Mul64(uint64, uint64) (uint64, uint64)
pkg math/bits, func Sub(uint, uint, uint) (uint, uint)
pkg math/bits, func Sub32(uint32, uint32, uint32) (uint32, uint32)
pkg math/bits, func Sub64(uint64, uint64, uint64) (uint64, uint64)
pkg net/http, const StatusTooEarly = 425
pkg net/http, const StatusTooEarly ideal-int

# ✅ 🇨🇻 - 🏺, ✳, 🎏

👆 💪 🗻 🇨🇻 🈸 👆 👀 ⏮️ [🎧 🈸 - 🗻](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, [⛅ 🗳](behind-a-proxy.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

👈, 👆 💪 ⚙️ `WSGIMiddleware` & ⚙️ ⚫️ 🎁 👆 🇨🇻 🈸, 🖼, 🏺, ✳, ♒️.

## ⚙️ `WSGIMiddleware`

👆 💪 🗄 `WSGIMiddleware`.

⤴️ 🎁 🇨🇻 (✅ 🏺) 📱 ⏮️ 🛠️.

& ⤴️ 🗻 👈 🔽 ➡.

```Python hl_lines="2-3  22"
{!../../docs_src/wsgi/tutorial001.py!}
```

## ✅ ⚫️