But before that, handling asynchronous code was quite more complex and difficult.

In previous versions of Python, you could have used threads or <a href="https://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a>. But the code is way more complex to understand, debug, and think about.

And also the docs about <a href="https://strawberry.rocks/docs/integrations/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Strawberry with FastAPI</a>.

## Older `GraphQLApp` from Starlette

Previous versions of Starlette included a `GraphQLApp` class to integrate with <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Graphene</a>.

        @Override
        public Integer next(Integer value) {
          return integers().next(value);
        }

        @Override
        public Integer previous(Integer value) {
          return integers().previous(value);
        }

        @Override
        public long distance(Integer start, Integer end) {
          return integers().distance(start, end);
        }

        @Override

     */
    ModelBuildingResult build(ModelBuildingRequest request) throws ModelBuildingException;

    /**
     * Builds the effective model by completing the specified interim result which was produced by a previous call to
     * {@link #build(ModelBuildingRequest)} with {@link ModelBuildingRequest#isTwoPhaseBuilding()} being {@code true}.

      factorials[i] = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(factorialBound);
      slowFactorials[i] = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(factorialBound);
      binomials[i] = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(factorials[i] + 1);
    }
  }

  /** Previous version of BigIntegerMath.factorial, kept for timing purposes. */
  private static BigInteger oldSlowFactorial(int n) {
    if (n <= 20) {
      return BigInteger.valueOf(LongMath.factorial(n));
    } else {

  local IMAGE="${2:-"${DEFAULT_KIND_IMAGE}"}"
  local CONFIG="${3:-}"
  local NOMETALBINSTALL="${4:-}"
  local CLEANUP="${5:-true}"

  check_default_cluster_yaml

  # Delete any previous KinD cluster
  echo "Deleting previous KinD cluster with name=${NAME}"
  if ! (kind delete cluster --name="${NAME}" -v9) > /dev/null; then
    echo "No existing kind cluster with name ${NAME}. Continue..."
  fi

	missingPartsHeal := int32(0) // Atomic bool flag.
	readerIndex := 0
	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	// if readTrigger is true, it implies next disk.ReadAt() should be tried
	// if readTrigger is false, it implies previous disk.ReadAt() was successful and there is no need
	// to try reading the next disk.
	for readTrigger := range readTriggerCh {
		newBufLK.RLock()
		canDecode := p.canDecode(newBuf)
		newBufLK.RUnlock()

  optional string storageClassName = 3;

  // capacity is the value reported by the CSI driver in its GetCapacityResponse
  // for a GetCapacityRequest with topology and parameters that match the
  // previous fields.
  //
  // The semantic is currently (CSI spec 1.2) defined as:
  // The available capacity, in bytes, of the storage that can be used
  // to provision volumes. If not set, that information is currently

name: IAM integration

on:
  pull_request:
    branches:
      - master

# This ensures that previous jobs for the PR are canceled when the PR is
# updated.
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

permissions:
  contents: read

jobs:
  iam-matrix-test:
    name: "[Go=${{ matrix.go-version }}|ldap=${{ matrix.ldap }}|etcd=${{ matrix.etcd }}|openid=${{ matrix.openid }}]"

   * of the class's supertypes.
   *
   * @return the value previously associated with this class (possibly {@code null}), or {@code
   *     null} if there was no previous entry.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @CheckForNull
  <T extends B> T putInstance(Class<@NonNull T> type, @ParametricNullness T value);