other media types. "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work (an example is provided in the Appendix below). "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications represent, as a whole, an original work...

    }
  }

  private static void assertAtLeastTimePassed(Stopwatch stopwatch, long expectedMillis) {
    long elapsedMillis = stopwatch.elapsed(MILLISECONDS);
    /*
     * The "+ 5" below is to permit, say, sleep(10) to sleep only 9 milliseconds. We see such
     * behavior sometimes when running these tests publicly as part of Guava. "+ 5" is probably more
     * generous than it needs to be.
     */

```Python
response = requests.get("http://example.com/some/url")
```

Відповідна операція *роуту* API FastAPI може виглядати так:

```Python hl_lines="1"
@app.get("/some/url")
def read_url():
     return {"message": "Hello World"}
```

Зверніть увагу на схожість у `requests.get(...)` і `@app.get(...)`.

/// check | Надихнуло **FastAPI** на

* Майте простий та інтуїтивно зрозумілий API.

//// tab | Python 3.8+ alternative

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009b.py!}
```

////

#### Sử dụng `Union` hay `Optional`

If you are using a Python version below 3.10, here's a tip from my very **subjective** point of view:

Nếu bạn đang sử dụng phiên bản Python dưới 3.10, đây là một mẹo từ ý kiến rất "chủ quan" của tôi:

* 🚨 Tránh sử dụng `Optional[SomeType]`

/// tip | Consejo

Pydantic tiene un comportamiento especial cuando utilizas `Optional` o `Union[Something, None]` sin un valor por defecto, puedes leer más sobre ello en la documentación de Pydantic sobre <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/2.3/usage/models/#required-fields" class="external-link" target="_blank">Required Optional fields</a>.

///

## Anotaciones de tipos con metadata

          "stopwords": ["ad", "al", "allo", "ai", "agli", "all", "agl", "alla", "alle", "con", "col", "coi", "da", "dal", "dallo", "dai", "dagli", "dall", "dagl", "dalla", "dalle", "di", "del", "dello", "dei", "degli", "dell", "degl", "della", "delle", "in", "nel", "nello", "nei", "negli", "nell", "negl", "nella", "nelle", "su", "sul", "sullo", "sui", "sugli", "sull", "sugl", "sulla", "sulle", "per", "tra", "contro", "io", "tu", "lui", "lei", "noi", "voi", "loro", "mio", "mia", "miei",...

          "stopwords": ["ad", "al", "allo", "ai", "agli", "all", "agl", "alla", "alle", "con", "col", "coi", "da", "dal", "dallo", "dai", "dagli", "dall", "dagl", "dalla", "dalle", "di", "del", "dello", "dei", "degli", "dell", "degl", "della", "delle", "in", "nel", "nello", "nei", "negli", "nell", "negl", "nella", "nelle", "su", "sul", "sullo", "sui", "sugli", "sull", "sugl", "sulla", "sulle", "per", "tra", "contro", "io", "tu", "lui", "lei", "noi", "voi", "loro", "mio", "mia", "miei",...

				writeErrorResponseJSON(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrAdminResourceInvalidArgument), r.URL)
				return
			}
		}

		if globalIAMSys.LDAPConfig.Enabled() {
			// We don't allow internal group manipulation in this API when LDAP
			// is enabled for now.
			err = errIAMActionNotAllowed
		} else {
			updatedAt, err = globalIAMSys.AddUsersToGroup(ctx, updReq.Group, updReq.Members)
		}
	}

<div class="termy">

```console
$ python main.py

Hello World
```

</div>

## Configure Your Editor { #configure-your-editor }

   *
   * TODO(cpovirk): Could this be simplified if we modified implementations of LegacyConverter to
   * override methods (probably called "unsafeDoForward" and "unsafeDoBackward") with the same
   * signatures as the methods below, rather than overriding the same doForward and doBackward
   * methods as implementations of normal converters do?
   *
   * But no matter what we do, it's worth remembering that the resulting code is going to be unsound