def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Ya da <code>async def</code>...</summary>

Eğer kodunuzda `async` / `await` varsa, `async def` kullanalım:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():

                        }
                    } finally {
                        latch.countDown();
                    }
                }).start();
            }

            latch.await(5, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            assertEquals(5, successCount.get(), "All concurrent calls should succeed");
        }
    }

     * both say in their comments that they're not really sure what the right approach is. We go
     * with Chrome's behavior (which also experimentally seems to match what IE does), but if you
     * actually want to have a good chance of things working, please avoid double-quotes, newlines,
     * percent signs, and the like in your field names.
     */
    internal fun StringBuilder.appendQuotedString(key: String) {
      append('"')

チェックしたい Python の標準的な式と共に、シンプルに `assert` 文を記述します。

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip | 豆知識

テスト関数は `async def` ではなく、通常の `def` であることに注意してください。

また、クライアントへの呼び出しも通常の呼び出しであり、`await` を使用しません。

これにより、煩雑にならずに、`pytest` を直接使用できます。

///

/// note | 技術詳細

`from starlette.testclient import TestClient` も使用できます。

Это не важно. **FastAPI** знает, что делать.

/// note | Примечание

Если вы не уверены, посмотрите раздел [Async: *"In a hurry?"*](../../async.md#in-a-hurry){.internal-link target=_blank} о `async` и `await` в документации.

///

## Интеграция с OpenAPI { #integrated-with-openapi }

Все объявления запросов, проверки и требования ваших зависимостей (и подзависимостей) будут интегрированы в ту же схему OpenAPI.

      extends UnsupportedOperationException {
    // Package-private because this should only be thrown by loadAll() when it is not overridden.
    // Cache implementors may want to catch it but should not need to be able to throw it.
    UnsupportedLoadingOperationException() {}
  }

  /**
   * Thrown to indicate that an invalid response was returned from a call to {@link CacheLoader}.
   *

     * extra state from AbstractFuture), our options are limited: A call to setException() would be
     * a no-op. We could log, but if that's what we really want, we should modify
     * AbstractFuture.executeListener to do so, since that method would have the ability to continue
     * to execute other listeners.
     *

USAGE:
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR1 [DIR2..]
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR{1...64}
  minio server [FLAGS] DIR{1...64} DIR{65...128}

DIR:
  DIR points to a directory on a filesystem. When you want to combine
  multiple drives into a single large system, pass one directory per
  filesystem separated by space. You may also use a '...' convention
  to abbreviate the directory arguments. Remote directories in a

     * extra state from AbstractFuture), our options are limited: A call to setException() would be
     * a no-op. We could log, but if that's what we really want, we should modify
     * AbstractFuture.executeListener to do so, since that method would have the ability to continue
     * to execute other listeners.
     *

아무 문제 없습니다. **FastAPI**는 무엇을 할지 알고 있습니다.

/// note | 참고

잘 모르시겠다면, [Async: *"In a hurry?"*](../../async.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 문서에서 `async`와 `await`에 대해 확인할 수 있습니다.

///

## OpenAPI와 통합

모든 요청 선언, 검증과 의존성(및 하위 의존성)에 대한 요구 사항은 동일한 OpenAPI 스키마에 통합됩니다.

따라서 대화형 문서에 이러한 의존성에 대한 모든 정보 역시 포함하고 있습니다: