* to suppress (as we do now), stop testing entrySet().add() at all, make
     * entrySet().add() tests tolerant of either behavior, introduce a map
     * feature for entrySet() that supports add(), or something else
     */
    return asList(
        getAddUnsupportedNotPresentMethod(),
        getAddAllUnsupportedNonePresentMethod(),
        getAddAllUnsupportedSomePresentMethod());
  }

  @Override

  private MinimalIterable(Iterator<E> iterator) {
    this.iterator = iterator;
  }

  @Override
  public Iterator<E> iterator() {
    if (iterator == null) {
      // TODO: throw something else? Do we worry that people's code and tests
      // might be relying on this particular type of exception?
      throw new IllegalStateException();
    }
    try {
      return iterator;
    } finally {

**FastAPI** включает несколько middleware для распространённых сценариев. Ниже рассмотрим, как их использовать.

/// note | Технические детали

В следующих примерах вы также можете использовать `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

**FastAPI** предоставляет несколько middleware в `fastapi.middleware` для удобства разработчика. Но большинство доступных middleware приходит напрямую из Starlette.

///

  /*
   * We are comparing Multimaps of the same type, so as long as they have value collections that
   * implement equals() (as with ListMultimap or SetMultimap, as opposed to a QueueMultimap or
   * something), our equality check is value-based.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("UndefinedEquals")
  public void testRetainAllPropagatesToMultimap() {
    multimap().entries().retainAll(singleton(mapEntry(k0(), v0())));

  /*
   * We are comparing Multimaps of the same type, so as long as they have value collections that
   * implement equals() (as with ListMultimap or SetMultimap, as opposed to a QueueMultimap or
   * something), our equality check is value-based.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("UndefinedEquals")
  public void testRetainAllPropagatesToMultimap() {
    multimap().entries().retainAll(singleton(mapEntry(k0(), v0())));

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[13] *}

Let's focus on the parameters declared:

* Even though this function is a dependency ("dependable") itself, it also declares another dependency (it "depends" on something else).
    * It depends on the `query_extractor`, and assigns the value returned by it to the parameter `q`.
* It also declares an optional `last_query` cookie, as a `str`.

**FastAPI** inclui vários middlewares para casos de uso comuns, veremos a seguir como usá-los.

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Para os próximos exemplos, você também poderia usar `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

**FastAPI** fornece vários middlewares em `fastapi.middleware` apenas como uma conveniência para você, o desenvolvedor. Mas a maioria dos middlewares disponíveis vem diretamente do Starlette.

///

```

`app.add_middleware()` 的第一个参数是中间件的类，其它参数则是要传递给中间件的参数。

## 集成中间件

**FastAPI** 为常见用例提供了一些中间件，下面介绍怎么使用这些中间件。

/// note | 技术细节

以下几个示例中也可以使用 `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`。

**FastAPI** 在 `fastapi.middleware` 中提供的中间件只是为了方便开发者使用，但绝大多数可用的中间件都直接继承自 Starlette。

///

## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware`

强制所有传入请求必须是 `https` 或 `wss`。

 *   <li><b>Convenience methods:</b> These are implementations of common operations that are
 *       typically implemented by opening a stream using one of the methods in the first category,
 *       doing something and finally closing the stream or channel that was opened.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @since 14.0
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
public abstract class ByteSink {

 *   <li><b>Convenience methods:</b> These are implementations of common operations that are
 *       typically implemented by opening a stream using one of the methods in the first category,
 *       doing something and finally closing the stream or channel that was opened.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @since 14.0
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
public abstract class ByteSink {