if (s == null) return "null";
            String t = s.replace("\n", "\\n");
            if (t.length() > 500) {
                return t.substring(0, 500) + "...(truncated)";
            }
            return t;
        }
    }

    private static ExecResult exec(String[] command) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {

    }

    /**
     * Sanitize path for safe logging
     */
    private String sanitizeForLog(String path) {
        if (path == null) {
            return "null";
        }

        // Truncate long paths
        if (path.length() > 100) {
            path = path.substring(0, 100) + "...";
        }

        // Remove control characters for safe logging

    /**
     * Create file if it does not exist.
     */
    int O_CREAT = 0x0010;
    /**
     * Fail if the file exists.
     */
    int O_EXCL = 0x0020;
    /**
     * Truncate file if it exists.
     */
    int O_TRUNC = 0x0040;

                      */

    Name() {
    }

    /**
     * Creates a NetBIOS name with the specified attributes.
     *
     * @param name the NetBIOS name (will be truncated to 15 characters if longer)
     * @param hexCode the NetBIOS name type/suffix
     * @param scope the NetBIOS scope identifier (uses default if null or empty)
     */

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("byte[] ctor: malformed DER is wrapped as PACDecodingException (IOException path)")
    void byteArrayConstructor_malformedDER_throwsWrapped() {
        // Arrange: Truncated SEQUENCE (0x30 len=2 but only 1 byte of content)
        byte[] malformed = new byte[] { 0x30, 0x02, 0x01 };

        // Act + Assert

pkg testing, method (*B) Helper()
pkg testing, method (*T) Helper()
pkg testing, type TB interface, Helper()
pkg time, method (Duration) Round(Duration) Duration

                    this.fp = fh.getInitialSize();
                }
                init(th);
                if (!append && this.smb2) {
                    // no open option for truncating, need to truncate the file
                    final Smb2SetInfoRequest treq = new Smb2SetInfoRequest(th.getConfig(), fh.getFileId());
                    treq.setFileInformation(new FileEndOfFileInformation(0));

        // Set security buffer length to excessive size (> 64KB)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(128, buffer, 56); // Security buffer offset
        // writeInt2(100000) will truncate to 100000 & 0xFFFF = 34464
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(100000, buffer, 58); // This becomes 34464 due to 16-bit truncation

        assertArrayEquals(clientChallenge, Arrays.copyOfRange(actual, 16 + 16, 16 + 16 + 8));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("getPreNTLMResponse: uses OEM bytes, truncates to 14, verifies interactions")
    void testGetPreNTLMResponse_basicAndInteractions() throws Exception {
        // Arrange
        when(cifsContext.getConfig()).thenReturn(configuration);

     * @throws SmbException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    public long length() throws SmbException {
        return file.length();
    }

    /**
     * Sets the length of the file. The file will be truncated or extended as necessary.
     *
     * @param newLength the new file length in bytes
     * @throws SmbException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    public void setLength(final long newLength) throws SmbException {