You can use the `TestClient` class to test FastAPI applications without creating an actual HTTP and socket connection, just communicating directly with the FastAPI code.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Testing](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/testing/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.testclient`:

```python
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
```

하지만 `Request` 객체에 직접 접근해야 하는 상황이 있을 수 있습니다.

## `Request` 객체에 대한 세부 사항

**FastAPI**는 실제로 내부에 **Starlette**을 사용하며, 그 위에 여러 도구를 덧붙인 구조입니다. 따라서 여러분이 필요할 때 Starlette의 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> 객체를 직접 사용할 수 있습니다.

`Request` 객체에서 데이터를 직접 가져오는 경우(예: 본문을 읽기)에는 FastAPI가 해당 데이터를 검증하거나 변환하지 않으며, 문서화(OpenAPI를 통한 문서 자동화(로 생성된) API 사용자 인터페이스)도 되지 않습니다.

# Identity Management Plugin Guide [![Slack](https://slack.minio.io/slack?type=svg)](https://slack.minio.io)

## Introduction

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://codehaus-plexus.github.io/MODELLO/2.0.0 https://codehaus-plexus.github.io/modello/xsd/modello-2.0.0.xsd"
  xml.namespace="http://maven.apache.org/EXTENSIONS/${version}"
  xml.schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/xsd/core-extensions-${version}.xsd">

  <id>core-extensions</id>
  <name>CoreExtensions</name>
  <description><![CDATA[

    * 在请求和响应中将表示为 ISO 8601 格式的 `str` ，比如:  `14:23:55.003`.
* `datetime.timedelta`:
    * 一个 Python `datetime.timedelta`.
    * 在请求和响应中将表示为 `float` 代表总秒数。
    * Pydantic 也允许将其表示为 "ISO 8601 时间差异编码", <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#json_encoders" class="external-link" target="_blank">查看文档了解更多信息</a>。
* `frozenset`:
    * 在请求和响应中，作为 `set` 对待：
        * 在请求中，列表将被读取，消除重复，并将其转换为一个 `set`。

from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/portal")
async def get_portal(teleport: bool = False) -> Response:
    if teleport:
        return RedirectResponse(url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ")

# Static Files - `StaticFiles`

You can use the `StaticFiles` class to serve static files, like JavaScript, CSS, images, etc.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Static Files](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/static-files/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.staticfiles`:

```python
from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
```

Bu işlem için, `TestClient`'ı bir `with` ifadesinde kullanarak WebSocket'e bağlanabilirsiniz:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Not

Daha fazla detay için Starlette'in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Websockets'i Test Etmek</a> dokümantasyonunu inceleyin.

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py39.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Hinweis

Weitere Informationen finden Sie in Starlettes Dokumentation zum <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Testen von WebSockets</a>.

# Templating - `Jinja2Templates`

You can use the `Jinja2Templates` class to render Jinja templates.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Templates](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/templates/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.templating`:

```python
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
```