app = FastAPI()


class UserIn(BaseModel):
    username: str
    password: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


class UserOut(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


class UserInDB(BaseModel):
    username: str
    hashed_password: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: str | None = None


def fake_password_hasher(raw_password: str):

{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

Использование `Optional[str]` вместо просто `str` позволит редактору помочь вам в обнаружении ошибок, в которых вы могли бы предположить, что значение всегда является `str`, хотя на самом деле это может быть и `None`.

#### Generic-типы

Эти типы принимают параметры в квадратных скобках:

* `List`
* `Tuple`
* `Set`
* `Dict`
* `Optional`
* ...и др.

class ItemBase(BaseModel):
    title: str
    description: str | None = None


class ItemCreate(ItemBase):
    pass


class Item(ItemBase):
    id: int
    owner_id: int

    class Config:
        orm_mode = True


class UserBase(BaseModel):
    email: str


class UserCreate(UserBase):
    password: str


class User(UserBase):
    id: int
    is_active: bool

⚫️ ✊ 📇 ⚗ 1️⃣ 📖 🔠 🔖.

🔠 📖 💪 🔌:

* `name` (**✔**): `str` ⏮️ 🎏 📛 👆 ⚙️ `tags` 🔢 👆 *➡ 🛠️* & `APIRouter`Ⓜ.
* `description`: `str` ⏮️ 📏 📛 🔖. ⚫️ 💪 ✔️ ✍ & 🔜 🎦 🩺 🎚.
* `externalDocs`: `dict` 🔬 🔢 🧾 ⏮️:
    * `description`: `str` ⏮️ 📏 📛 🔢 🩺.
    * `url` (**✔**): `str` ⏮️ 📛 🔢 🧾.

### ✍ 🗃 🔖

➡️ 🔄 👈 🖼 ⏮️ 🔖 `users` & `items`.

    assertSame(stringIdentityConverter, stringIdentityConverter.reverse());
    assertSame(STR_TO_LONG, stringIdentityConverter.andThen(STR_TO_LONG));

    assertSame(STR_VAL, stringIdentityConverter.convert(STR_VAL));
    assertSame(STR_VAL, stringIdentityConverter.reverse().convert(STR_VAL));

    assertEquals("Converter.identity()", stringIdentityConverter.toString());

from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int = Path(title="The ID of the item to get", ge=0, le=1000),
    q: str | None = None,
    item: Item | None = None,
):
    results = {"item_id": item_id}
    if q:

from typing import Any

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item)
async def create_item(item: Item) -> Any:
    return item


@app.get("/items/", response_model=list[Item])

      }
      str = builder.toString();
      HashCode hashUtf8 = murmur3_32().hashBytes(str.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8));
      assertEquals(
          hashUtf8, murmur3_32().newHasher().putBytes(str.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8)).hash());
      assertEquals(hashUtf8, murmur3_32().hashString(str, Charsets.UTF_8));
      assertEquals(hashUtf8, murmur3_32().newHasher().putString(str, Charsets.UTF_8).hash());

from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    item_id: Annotated[int, Path(title="The ID of the item to get", ge=0, le=1000)],
    q: str | None = None,
    item: Item | None = None,
):
    results = {"item_id": item_id}
    if q:

        this.zterm = zterm;
    }


    /**
     * 
     * @param str
     *            wrapped string
     * @param zterm
     *            whether the string should be zero terminated
     */
    public UnicodeString ( String str, boolean zterm ) {
        this.zterm = zterm;

        int len = str.length();
        int zt = zterm ? 1 : 0;